\u7576\u4f60\u9047\u5230 HTTP 502 \u932f\u8aa4\u6642\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u6c38\u9060\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u67e5\u770b\u4ee3\u7406\u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u65e5\u8a8c\u6703\u6e96\u78ba\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u56de\u50b3\u4e86 502\u3002\u5148\u4e0d\u8981\u6025\u8457\u67e5\u770b\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u7acb\u523b\u8abf\u6574\u903e\u6642\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3002\u5148\u770b\u4ee3\u7406\u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\u3002Nginx \u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u5beb\u4e0b\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u51fa\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u4f60\u7bc0\u7701\u6578\u5c0f\u6642\u7684\u76f2\u76ee\u6392\u67e5\u6642\u9593\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21 Nginx \u4e2d\u7684 bad gateway \u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u90fd\u6703\u5f9e\u9019\u4e9b\u65e5\u8a8c\u88e1\u7559\u4e0b\u7dda\u7d22\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u731c\u6e2c\u932f\u8aa4\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u7522\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u65e5\u8a8c\u6703\u7acb\u523b\u7d66\u51fa\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b9a\u4f4d Nginx \u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c<\/h3>\n

\u4f60\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u6aa2\u67e5 Nginx \u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\u3002\u9810\u8a2d\u8def\u5f91\u901a\u5e38\u662f \/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u767c\u884c\u7248\u9084\u6703\u70ba\u55ae\u7368\u7684 server block \u4f7f\u7528 \/var\/log\/nginx\/your-site-error.log\u3002\u8981\u78ba\u8a8d\u6e96\u78ba\u8def\u5f91\uff0c\u8acb\u6aa2\u67e5\u4f60\u7684 Nginx \u8a2d\u5b9a\u6a94\uff0c\u67e5\u627e error_log \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u8def\u5f91\u5c31\u7dca\u8ddf\u5728\u8a72\u6307\u4ee4\u4e4b\u5f8c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u627e\u5230\u6a94\u6848\u5f8c\uff0c\u8acb\u5373\u6642\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u8a8c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u4ee4 tail -f \/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log\u3002\u5728\u6307\u4ee4\u57f7\u884c\u6642\u91cd\u73fe 502 Bad Gateway \u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u932f\u8aa4\u767c\u751f\u6642\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u65e5\u8a8c\u884c\u6703\u7acb\u5373\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u4f60\u5c31\u80fd\u770b\u5230 Nginx \u56de\u50b3\u8a72\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u6e96\u78ba\u6642\u9593\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 grep \u904e\u6ffe\u7279\u5b9a\u8a0a\u606f\u3002\u57f7\u884c tail -f \/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log | grep upstream\u3002\u9019\u6703\u53ea\u986f\u793a\u5305\u542b upstream \u7684\u65e5\u8a8c\u884c\u3002\u904e\u6ffe\u5f8c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u805a\u7126\u8207\u4ee3\u7406\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u5ffd\u7565\u8207\u975c\u614b\u6a94\u6848\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u7121\u95dc\u9805\u76ee\uff0c\u53ea\u95dc\u6ce8\u5305\u542b upstream \u6216 connect \u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fa8\u8b58\u5e38\u898b\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a0a\u606f<\/h3>\n

\u6253\u958b\u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\uff0c\u91cd\u9ede\u89c0\u5bdf\u56db\u7a2e\u5e38\u898b\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u7a2e\u6a21\u5f0f\u90fd\u5c0d\u61c9\u8457\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e0a\u6e38\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u9019\u5f35\u8868\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u3001\u5b83\u5011\u901a\u5e38\u4ee3\u8868\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f60\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a0a\u606f<\/th>\n	\u53ef\u80fd\u539f\u56e0<\/th>\n	\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
connect() failed (111: Connection refused)<\/code><\/td>\n	\u61c9\u7528\u5df2\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u6216 proxy_pass<\/code> \u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u932f\u8aa4\u9023\u63a5\u57e0<\/td>\n	\u6aa2\u67e5\u670d\u52d9\u76e3\u807d\u72c0\u614b\u548c\u76ee\u524d\u751f\u6548\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
upstream timed out<\/code><\/td>\n	\u61c9\u7528\u904e\u6162\u3001\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u904e\u6162\uff0c\u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u57f7\u884c\u7dd2\u6c60\u8017\u76e1<\/td>\n	\u5728\u63d0\u9ad8\u903e\u6642\u503c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u8ffd\u8e64\u5ef6\u9072\u8207\u8cc7\u6e90\u58d3\u529b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
upstream prematurely closed connection<\/code><\/td>\n	\u61c9\u7528\u7576\u6a5f\u3001\u9023\u7dda\u88ab\u91cd\u8a2d\uff0c\u6216\u56de\u61c9\u904e\u7a0b\u5931\u6557<\/td>\n	\u5c0d\u7167\u61c9\u7528\u65e5\u8a8c\u8207\u7a0b\u5e8f\u91cd\u65b0\u555f\u52d5\u6642\u9593\u9032\u884c\u95dc\u806f\u6392\u67e5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
no live upstreams<\/code><\/td>\n	\u4e0a\u6e38\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5f8c\u7aef\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528<\/td>\n	\u6aa2\u67e5\u5065\u5eb7\u6aa2\u67e5\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u72c0\u614b\u548c\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f4d\u5740<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n \u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u8a0a\u606f\u662f connect() failed (111: Connection refused)\u3002\u9019\u8868\u793a\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5df2\u5b95\u6a5f\u3002\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7d93\u7576\u6a5f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6839\u672c\u6c92\u6709\u555f\u52d5\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4ee3\u7406\u6307\u5411\u4e86\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u3002\u4ee3\u7406\u6536\u5230\u7684\u662f\u300c\u9023\u7dda\u88ab\u62d2\u7d55\u300d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5728\u8a72\u4f4d\u5740\u4e0a\u6c92\u6709\u61c9\u7528\u6b63\u5728\u76e3\u807d\u3002<\/p>\n \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a2e\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f upstream prematurely closed connection\u3002\u4ee3\u7406\u628a\u8acb\u6c42\u767c\u9001\u7d66\u4e0a\u6e38\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e0a\u6e38\u958b\u59cb\u8655\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b8c\u6574\u56de\u61c9\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u65b7\u958b\u4e86\u9023\u7dda\u3002\u9019\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5169\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a<\/p>\n \n \u4e0a\u6e38\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u70ba\u903e\u6642\u8a2d\u5b9a\u904e\u77ed\u800c\u4e3b\u52d5\u65b7\u958b\u9023\u7dda\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u4ee3\u7406\u6703\u5728\u8acb\u6c42\u5b8c\u6210\u524d\u6536\u5230 FIN \u6216 RST \u5c01\u5305\u3002<\/li>\n \u4e0a\u6e38\u61c9\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u8655\u7406\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7576\u6a5f\u3002\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u4e0a\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u7a0b\u5e8f\u76e3\u807d\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u6838\u5fc3\u6703\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u767c\u9001\u4e00\u500b RST \u5c01\u5305\u3002<\/li>\n \u7121\u8ad6\u54ea\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u90fd\u6703\u628a\u9019\u7a2e\u904e\u65e9\u95dc\u9589\u8996\u70ba\u767c\u7d66 Nginx \u7684\u7121\u6548\u56de\u61c9\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u7d50\u679c\u5c31\u662f 502 Bad Gateway\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7576\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u9019\u689d\u8a0a\u606f\u6642\uff0c\u61c9\u7acb\u5373\u6aa2\u67e5\u4e0a\u6e38\u61c9\u7528\u65e5\u8a8c\u3002\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7576\u6a5f\u5806\u758a\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5426\u6709\u903e\u6642\u9650\u5236\u3002\u61c9\u7528\u672c\u8eab\u6703\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\u5b83\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u65b7\u958b\u9023\u7dda\u3002<\/p>\n \u78ba\u8a8d\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6b63\u5728\u57f7\u884c<\/strong><\/h2>\n \u5f8c\u7aef\u7576\u6a5f\u6216\u6839\u672c\u672a\u555f\u52d5\uff0c\u662f 502 Bad Gateway \u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5728\u67e5\u770b\u5b8c\u4ee3\u7406\u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u5408\u4e4e\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u78ba\u8a8d\u4e0a\u6e38\u61c9\u7528\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u5728\u76e3\u807d\u8acb\u6c42\u3002\u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\u5df2\u7d93\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\u662f\u54ea\u500b\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f4d\u5740\u9023\u7dda\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u78ba\u8a8d\u8a72\u4f4d\u5740\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u6d3b\u3002\u50c5\u9019\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u5927\u591a\u6578\u89f8\u767c\u8a72\u932f\u8aa4\u7684 Nginx \u4e8b\u6545\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u8df3\u904e\u3002\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u5728\u6aa2\u67e5\u5176\u4ed6\u5c64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u8655\u65bc\u57f7\u884c\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u7576 Nginx \u5f9e\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6536\u5230\u7121\u6548\u56de\u61c9\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u56de\u50b3\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u78bc\u3002\u4f86\u81ea\u4e0a\u6e38\u7684\u7121\u6548\u56de\u61c9\u6216\u7121\u56de\u61c9\uff0c\u90fd\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f60\u628a\u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\u548c\u5be6\u969b\u554f\u984c\u5c0d\u61c9\u8d77\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n \u6aa2\u67e5\u670d\u52d9\u72c0\u614b<\/h3>\n \u5927\u591a\u6578 Linux \u767c\u884c\u7248\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528 systemd \u7ba1\u7406\u61c9\u7528\u670d\u52d9\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u689d\u6307\u4ee4\u6aa2\u67e5 PHP-FPM \u6216 Gunicorn \u9019\u985e\u4e0a\u6e38\u670d\u52d9\u662f\u5426\u8655\u65bc\u555f\u7528\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u6e38\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e0a\u6253\u958b\u7d42\u7aef\u6a5f\uff0c\u57f7\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u901a\u7528\u72c0\u614b\u6aa2\u67e5\u6307\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n systemctl status <service-name><\/code> \u2014\u2014 \u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u901a\u7528\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u65bc\u6aa2\u67e5\u4efb\u4f55\u7531 systemd \u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec Node.js\u3001PHP-FPM \u6216 Gunicorn\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n \u5c07 <service-name><\/code> \u66ff\u63db\u70ba\u4f60\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u670d\u52d9\u540d\u7a31\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc PHP \u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u5177\u9ad4\u6307\u4ee4\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u5305\u542b\u7248\u672c\u865f\uff1a<\/p>\n sudo systemctl status php8.1-fpm<\/code> \u2014\u2014 \u7528\u65bc\u6aa2\u67e5 PHP-FPM \u670d\u52d9\u72c0\u614b\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n \u8f38\u51fa\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u986f\u793a\u4e09\u7a2e\u72c0\u614b\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1aactive\u3001inactive \u6216 failed\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u770b\u5230 active \u4e14\u5e36\u6709 running \u6a19\u8a18\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u670d\u52d9\u9084\u6d3b\u8457\u3002\u5982\u679c\u770b\u5230 inactive \u6216 failed\uff0c\u5c31\u7528 sudo systemctl start <service-name><\/code> \u555f\u52d5\u670d\u52d9\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u518d\u6b21\u6e2c\u8a66 502 \u662f\u5426\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52d9\u662f active\uff0c\u4f46\u932f\u8aa4\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5c31\u7e7c\u7e8c\u770b\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c0f\u7bc0\u3002\u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe upstream server is unavailable \u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u9019\u901a\u5e38\u767c\u751f\u5728\u670d\u52d9\u7121\u6cd5\u555f\u52d5\u6642\u3002<\/p>\n \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528 Node.js\uff0c\u53ef\u900f\u904e ps aux | grep node<\/code> \u78ba\u8a8d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u5426\u9084\u5728\u3002\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u8981\u6aa2\u67e5\u61c9\u7528\u65e5\u8a8c\u3002Node.js \u61c9\u7528\u5e38\u5e38\u6703\u975c\u9ed8\u7576\u6a5f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6703\u901a\u77e5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u5df2\u505c\u6b62\u7684 Node \u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u672a\u5fc5\u6703\u5728\u7cfb\u7d71\u65e5\u8a8c\u4e2d\u7559\u4e0b\u660e\u986f\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u4f60\u5fc5\u9808\u67e5\u770b\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65e5\u8a8c\u6a94\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u9000\u51fa\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u50cf PM2 \u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52d5\u91cd\u65b0\u555f\u52d5\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f46\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u900f\u904e\u65e5\u8a8c\u4f86\u8abf\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n \u6e2c\u8a66\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u8207\u9023\u901a\u6027<\/h3>\n \u670d\u52d9\u6b63\u5728\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u5b83\u4e00\u5b9a\u76e3\u807d\u5728\u4f60\u9810\u671f\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u4e0a\u3002\u61c9\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u555f\u52d5\u5728\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4ecb\u9762\u6216\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f60\u5728 Nginx \u4e2d\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7684\u90a3\u500b\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4 upstream server is unavailable \u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002Nginx \u5617\u8a66\u9023\u7dda\uff0c\u537b\u767c\u73fe\u76ee\u6a19\u4f4d\u5740\u4e0a\u6c92\u6709\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u5c07\u72c0\u614b\u8a18\u70ba upstream server down\uff0c\u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\u4e5f\u6703\u8a18\u9304\u9019\u4e00\u5931\u6557\u3002<\/p>\n \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Nginx \u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528 curl -v http:\/\/localhost:PORT<\/code> \u6e2c\u8a66\u76f4\u9023\u3002\u5c07 PORT \u66ff\u63db\u70ba\u4e0a\u6e38\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u3002\u82e5\u56de\u61c9\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u61c9\u7528\u78ba\u5be6\u6709\u8f38\u51fa\uff1b\u82e5\u51fa\u73fe Connection refused<\/code>\uff0c\u5247\u53ef\u78ba\u8a8d\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3002\u6b64\u6642\u61c9\u6aa2\u67e5\u61c9\u7528\u5be6\u969b\u7d81\u5b9a\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u628a proxy_pass \u6307\u4ee4\u6539\u6210\u6b63\u78ba\u503c\u3002\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 telnet \u4f5c\u70ba\u66ff\u4ee3\u6e2c\u8a66\u3002\u57f7\u884c telnet <upstream-ip> <port><\/code>\u3002\u9023\u7dda\u6210\u529f\u6642\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u4e00\u500b\u7a7a\u767d\u756b\u9762\u4e26\u9583\u720d\u6e38\u6a19\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u5247\u6703\u986f\u793a Connection refused<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n \u5c0d\u65bc Nginx Proxy Manager \u4f7f\u7528\u8005\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u4ecb\u9762\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u7684\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a\u548c\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u4f3c\u4e4e\u90fd\u6b63\u78ba\uff0c502 \u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u6b64\u6642\u61c9\u76f4\u63a5\u9a57\u8b49\u4e0a\u6e38\u5bb9\u5668\u6216\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728 Nginx \u5bb9\u5668\u5167\u90e8\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u57f7\u884c Nginx Proxy Manager \u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e0a\u57f7\u884c curl\u3002\u56e0\u70ba Web \u4ecb\u9762\u986f\u793a\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u7e3d\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u57f7\u884c\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u72c0\u614b\u3002<\/p>\n \u5982\u679c curl \u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f46 Nginx \u4ecd\u7136\u56de\u50b3 502 Bad Gateway\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u554f\u984c\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u5728\u903e\u6642\u3001\u7de9\u885d\u5340\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5c64\u9762\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c curl \u5931\u6557\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u78ba\u8a8d\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0d\u53ef\u9054\u3002\u5148\u4fee\u5fa9\u61c9\u7528\u76e3\u807d\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u518d\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n \u6392\u9664\u9632\u706b\u7246\u548c\u7db2\u8def\u963b\u64cb<\/strong><\/h2>\n \u9632\u706b\u7246\u898f\u5247\u6216\u96f2\u7aef\u5b89\u5168\u7fa4\u7d44\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5728 Nginx \u8207\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e4b\u9593\u6084\u6084\u963b\u64cb\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u61c9\u7528\u672c\u8eab\u57f7\u884c\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u76e3\u807d\u4e5f\u6c92\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f46 Nginx \u4ecd\u6703\u56de\u50b3 502\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u67d0\u500b\u5c01\u5305\u904e\u6ffe\u5668\u4e1f\u68c4\u4e86\u9023\u7dda\u8acb\u6c42\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u5c64\u4f4d\u65bc\u5169\u500b\u90fd\u300c\u770b\u4f3c\u5065\u5eb7\u300d\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5ffd\u8996\u3002<\/p>\n \u6aa2\u67e5\u9632\u706b\u7246\u898f\u5247<\/h3>\n \u5148\u5f9e\u5217\u51fa Nginx \u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e0a\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u898f\u5247\u958b\u59cb\u3002\u6307\u4ee4 iptables -L -n -v<\/code> \u6703\u986f\u793a\u6240\u6709\u93c8\uff08\u5305\u62ec INPUT\u3001OUTPUT \u548c FORWARD\uff09\u7684\u898f\u5247\u53ca\u5176\u5339\u914d\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u85c9\u6b64\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u767c\u5f80\u7279\u5b9a\u4e0a\u6e38\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u5141\u8a31\u3002\u66f4\u7c21\u6f54\u7684\u8996\u5716\u662f iptables -L<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u6703\u5217\u51fa\u9810\u8a2d\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u524d\u6d3b\u52d5\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u8b93\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u4e86\u89e3\u6574\u500b\u9632\u706b\u7246\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n \u53e6\u5916\u5169\u689d\u6307\u4ee4\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u4f60\u5be9\u67e5\u898f\u5247\u96c6\uff1a<\/p>\n \n sudo iptables -S<\/code> \u2014\u2014 \u4ee5\u53ef\u4fdd\u5b58\u3001\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u986f\u793a\u76ee\u524d\u898f\u5247\u96c6\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u8f38\u51fa\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u5217\u51fa INPUT\u3001FORWARD \u548c OUTPUT \u93c8\u7684\u9810\u8a2d\u7b56\u7565\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u90fd\u70ba ACCEPT\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u984d\u5916\u898f\u5247\u3002<\/li>\n sudo iptables -L<\/code> \u2014\u2014 \u4ee5\u66f4\u6613\u8b80\u7684\u8868\u683c\u5f62\u5f0f\u986f\u793a\u898f\u5247\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u8f38\u51fa\u6703\u5c55\u793a INPUT\u3001FORWARD \u548c OUTPUT \u93c8\u7684\u9810\u8a2d\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76ee\u524d\u6d3b\u52d5\u898f\u5247\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5141\u8a31 RELATED,ESTABLISHED \u9023\u7dda\u7684 ACCEPT \u898f\u5247\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684 Nginx \u57f7\u884c\u5728\u96f2\u7aef\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u9084\u8981\u6aa2\u67e5\u8a72\u5be6\u4f8b\u5c0d\u61c9\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7fa4\u7d44\u6216\u7db2\u8def ACL\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u63a7\u5236\u4f4d\u65bc\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5728 iptables \u770b\u5230\u6d41\u91cf\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u628a\u9023\u7dda\u963b\u64cb\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n \u4f7f\u7528 curl \u548c telnet \u6e2c\u8a66<\/h3>\n \u67e5\u770b\u898f\u5247\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\u300c\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u61c9\u8a72\u600e\u6a23\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u6e2c\u8a66\u624d\u80fd\u8aaa\u660e\u300c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\u300d\u3002\u5728 Nginx \u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e0a\u57f7\u884c curl -v http:\/\/<upstream-ip>:<port><\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u56de\u61c9\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7db2\u8def\u8def\u5f91\u662f\u901a\u7684\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u76f4\u5361\u4f4f\u6216\u88ab\u62d2\u7d55\uff0c\u5247\u8868\u793a\u8981\u9ebc\u6709\u963b\u64cb\uff0c\u8981\u9ebc\u76e3\u807d\u7aef\u5df2\u5931\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n \u4f60\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 telnet <upstream-ip> <port><\/code> \u505a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9a57\u8b49\u3002\u82e5\u51fa\u73fe\u7a7a\u767d\u756b\u9762\u4e26\u4f34\u96a8\u9583\u720d\u6e38\u6a19\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u9023\u7dda\u5df2\u6253\u958b\uff1b\u82e5\u88ab\u62d2\u7d55\u6216\u903e\u6642\uff0c\u5247\u8868\u660e\u5b58\u5728\u963b\u64cb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9019\u5169\u9805\u6e2c\u8a66\u90fd\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u4f46\u670d\u52d9\u5728\u672c\u6a5f\u4e0a\u57f7\u884c\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u9632\u706b\u7246\u898f\u5247\u6216\u5b89\u5168\u7fa4\u7d44\u5c31\u662f\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4fee\u5fa9\u898f\u5247\u5f8c\u91cd\u65b0\u6e2c\u8a66\u3002\u4e00\u65e6 Nginx \u80fd\u91cd\u65b0\u9023\u901a\u4e0a\u6e38\uff0c502 \u901a\u5e38\u5c31\u6703\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n \u8abf\u6574\u903e\u6642\u8207\u7de9\u885d\u5340\u5927\u5c0f<\/strong><\/h2>\n \u4e00\u500b\u56de\u61c9\u7de9\u6162\u7684\u4e0a\u6e38\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u89f8\u767c\u88ab Nginx \u8a18\u9304\u70ba 502 \u7684\u903e\u6642\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u4ee3\u7406\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u56de\u61c9\uff0c\u4f46\u5f8c\u7aef\u8017\u6642\u592a\u4e45\uff0cNginx \u6700\u7d42\u653e\u68c4\u4e26\u56de\u50b3\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f\u9598\u9053\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u554f\u984c\u537b\u662f\u5ef6\u9072\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u901a\u5e38\u767c\u751f\u5728\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6700\u7d42\u662f\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u56de\u61c9\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u5728\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7684\u6642\u9593\u8996\u7a97\u5167\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n \u8abf\u6574 proxy_read_timeout \u548c proxy_connect_timeout<\/h3>\n \u6709\u5169\u500b\u6307\u4ee4\u63a7\u5236 Nginx \u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u6642\u9577\u3002proxy_connect_timeout<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u8a2d\u5b9a\u8207\u4e0a\u6e38\u5efa\u7acb\u9023\u7dda\u7684\u6642\u9593\u4e0a\u9650\uff1bproxy_read_timeout<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u5b9a\u7fa9 Nginx \u5728\u5169\u6b21\u8b80\u53d6\u4e0a\u6e38\u8cc7\u6599\u4e4b\u9593\u5141\u8a31\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u6700\u9577\u6642\u9593\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u4efb\u4e00\u9650\u5236\u5230\u671f\uff0cNginx \u5c31\u6703\u95dc\u9589\u9023\u7dda\u4e26\u56de\u50b3 502\u3002<\/p>\n \u9019\u4e9b\u503c\u61c9\u6839\u64da\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u56de\u61c9\u6642\u9593\u4f86\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3002\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u8ca0\u8f09\u8f03\u91cd\u7684\u9801\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u9577\u7684\u8b80\u53d6\u903e\u6642\uff1b\u800c\u7c21\u55ae\u7684 API \u4ecb\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6240\u9700\u6642\u9593\u66f4\u77ed\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u5f8c\u90fd\u61c9\u91cd\u65b0\u6e2c\u8a66\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0a\u6e38\u672c\u8eab\u78ba\u5be6\u904e\u6162\uff0c\u55ae\u7d14\u63d0\u9ad8\u903e\u6642\u53ea\u662f\u63a9\u84cb\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u61c9\u5148\u8abf\u67e5\u61c9\u7528\u6548\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n \u70ba\u5927\u578b\u56de\u61c9\u6a19\u982d\u589e\u5927 proxy_buffer_size<\/h3>\n \u904e\u5927\u7684\u56de\u61c9\u6a19\u982d\u540c\u6a23\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u767c 502\u3002Nginx \u6703\u70ba\u4e0a\u6e38\u56de\u61c9\u6a19\u982d\u5206\u914d\u7de9\u885d\u5340\uff0c\u9810\u8a2d\u5927\u5c0f\u901a\u5e38\u70ba 4k \u6216 8k\u3002\u7576\u56de\u61c9\u6a19\u982d\u8d85\u904e\u9019\u500b\u9650\u5236\u6642\uff0cNginx \u5c31\u7121\u6cd5\u6b63\u78ba\u8655\u7406\u8a72\u56de\u61c9\uff0c\u4e26\u56de\u50b3\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n \u6839\u64da\u539f\u59cb\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u50cf Laravel \u9019\u985e\u6703\u7522\u751f\u8f03\u9577\u5de5\u4f5c\u968e\u6bb5 Cookie \u7684\u61c9\u7528\u3001\u67d0\u4e9b\u55ae\u4e00\u767b\u5165\u5be6\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u56de\u50b3\u5927\u91cf Set-Cookie \u6a19\u982d\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u6703\u8d85\u904e\u9810\u8a2d\u7684 4k \u6216 8k proxy_buffer_size<\/code>\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4 502 \u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c07 proxy_buffer_size<\/code> \u8abf\u5927\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u8a72\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n \u7576\u4f60\u8b58\u5225\u51fa\u9019\u7a2e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5f8c\uff0c\u61c9\u628a proxy_buffer_size<\/code> \u8abf\u6574\u70ba\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u503c\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u4f75\u8003\u616e proxy_buffers<\/code> \u548c proxy_busy_buffers_size<\/code> \u9019\u5169\u500b\u76f8\u95dc\u53c3\u6578\u3002\u4fee\u6539\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7e7c\u7e8c\u89c0\u5bdf\u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u7de9\u885d\u5340\u8db3\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7d0d\u5b8c\u6574\u56de\u61c9\u6a19\u982d\uff0c\u9019\u985e\u8207\u6a19\u982d\u76f8\u95dc\u7684 502 \u901a\u5e38\u5c31\u6703\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n \u78ba\u8a8d Nginx \u8a2d\u5b9a\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f4d\u5740<\/h2>\n \u4e0a\u6e38\u540d\u7a31\u6216\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u62fc\u5beb\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u628a Nginx \u6307\u5411\u4e86\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u4f4d\u5740\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u5373\u4f7f\u61c9\u7528\u672c\u8eab\u57f7\u884c\u826f\u597d\uff0c502 \u4ecd\u7136\u6301\u7e8c\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u6392\u67e5\u5176\u4ed6\u5c64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u9808\u4ed4\u7d30\u6aa2\u67e5 Nginx \u8a2d\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n \u6aa2\u67e5 proxy_pass \u548c upstream \u5340\u584a<\/h3>\n proxy_pass<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u544a\u8a34\u4f5c\u70ba\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u7684 Nginx\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u628a\u8acb\u6c42\u8f49\u767c\u5230\u54ea\u88e1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u628a\u5b83\u8a2d\u5b9a\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\u540d\u7a31\uff0c\u6216\u4e00\u500b\u6c92\u6709\u670d\u52d9\u76e3\u807d\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u554f\u984c\u5c31\u51fa\u5728 Nginx \u8a2d\u5b9a\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u6253\u958b\u4f60\u7684 Nginx \u8a2d\u5b9a\u6a94\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u76f8\u95dc location \u5340\u584a\u4e2d\u7684 proxy_pass<\/code> \u884c\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5c07\u5176\u8207\u4e0a\u6e38\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u4f4d\u5740\u9010\u4e00\u6bd4\u5c0d\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u6216 socket \u8def\u5f91\u5beb\u932f\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4f60\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u5be6\u969b\u76e3\u807d 8080\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u537b\u5beb\u6210\u4e86 8081\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u5c31\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4 502\u3002\u82e5\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 upstream<\/code> \u5340\u584a\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u4e00\u4f75\u6aa2\u67e5\u3002upstream \u5340\u584a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7fa4\u7d44\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c proxy_pass<\/code> \u6703\u5f15\u7528\u9019\u500b\u7fa4\u7d44\u540d\u7a31\u3002\u5982\u679c\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u62fc\u5beb\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u4e5f\u4e00\u6a23\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4 502\u3002\u52d9\u5fc5\u78ba\u8a8d\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u548c\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u3002\u4f60\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e0a\u76f4\u63a5\u7528 curl \u6e2c\u8a66\uff0c\u78ba\u8a8d\u8a72\u4f4d\u5740\u78ba\u5be6\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\u80fd\u7bc0\u7701\u5927\u91cf\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6392\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n \u78ba\u8a8d location \u5340\u584a\u9806\u5e8f<\/h3>\n Nginx \u6703\u6309\u7167\u7279\u5b9a\u9806\u5e8f\u8655\u7406 location \u5340\u584a\u3002\u5b83\u5148\u5339\u914d\u524d\u7db4 location\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u518d\u6309\u7167\u66f8\u5beb\u9806\u5e8f\u5339\u914d\u6b63\u5247 location\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684 location \u5340\u584a\u6703\u8655\u7406\u8acb\u6c42\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8a2d\u5b9a\u4e86\u591a\u500b\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5339\u914d\u540c\u4e00 URI \u7684 location \u5340\u584a\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u8acb\u6c42\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u5340\u584a\u63a5\u7ba1\uff0c\u4e26\u88ab\u8f49\u767c\u5230\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7528\u65bc \/api<\/code> \u7684 location \u5340\u584a\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u5230\u5f8c\u7aef A\uff1b\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7528\u65bc \/<\/code> \u7684 location \u5340\u584a\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u5230\u5f8c\u7aef B\u3002\u5982\u679c \/api<\/code> \u7684\u5339\u914d\u898f\u5247\u8a2d\u5b9a\u4e0d\u7576\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5b58\u53d6 \/api\/login<\/code> \u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5148\u547d\u4e2d \/<\/code>\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u8acb\u6c42\u88ab\u8f49\u7d66\u7121\u6cd5\u8655\u7406\u5b83\u7684\u5f8c\u7aef B\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u51fa\u73fe 502\u3002\u907f\u514d\u9019\u7a2e\u554f\u984c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6aa2\u67e5 Nginx \u8a2d\u5b9a\u4e2d location \u5340\u584a\u7684\u9806\u5e8f\u3002\u61c9\u628a\u66f4\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u5340\u584a\u653e\u5728\u515c\u5e95\u5340\u584a\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5fc5\u8981\u6642\u4f7f\u7528 =<\/code> \u4fee\u98fe\u7b26\u9032\u884c\u7cbe\u78ba\u5339\u914d\u3002\u4f60\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 curl \u6e2c\u8a66\u770b\u770b\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u54ea\u500b location \u5340\u584a\u5728\u8655\u7406\u8acb\u6c42\u3002\u7406\u89e3 location \u5339\u914d\u512a\u5148\u9806\u5e8f\uff0c\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u5feb\u4fee\u5fa9\u9019\u985e\u8def\u7531\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u9806\u5e8f\u78ba\u8a8d\u6b63\u78ba\uff0c502 \u5f80\u5f80\u4e5f\u6703\u96a8\u4e4b\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n \u4fee\u5fa9 PHP-FPM \u8207 Socket \u6b0a\u9650\u554f\u984c<\/strong><\/h2>\n PHP-FPM \u662f Nginx \u5e38\u898b\u7684\u4e0a\u6e38\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u82e5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6c60\u505c\u6b62\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u6216 listen \u6307\u4ee4\u8a2d\u5b9a\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u89f8\u767c 502 \u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u4f60\u5fc5\u9808\u9a57\u8b49\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6c60\u72c0\u614b\u4ee5\u53ca socket \u6b0a\u9650\u3002\u9019\u5169\u9805\u6aa2\u67e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u5927\u591a\u6578\u8207 PHP-FPM \u6709\u95dc\u7684 502 \u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n \u78ba\u8a8d PHP-FPM \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6c60\u72c0\u614b<\/h3>\n \u4f7f\u7528 sudo systemctl status php8.1-fpm<\/code> \u6aa2\u67e5 PHP-FPM \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6c60\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u8acb\u6839\u64da\u4f60\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u5b89\u88dd\u7248\u672c\u8abf\u6574\u7248\u672c\u865f\u3002\u8f38\u51fa\u6703\u986f\u793a\u8a72\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6c60\u662f\u5426\u8655\u65bc active \u4e14 running \u72c0\u614b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f inactive \u6216 failed\uff0c\u5c31\u57f7\u884c sudo systemctl start php8.1-fpm<\/code> \u555f\u52d5\u5b83\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u80fd\u7acb\u523b\u89e3\u6c7a 502\u3002<\/p>\n \u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u9a57\u8b49 PHP-FPM \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6c60\u8a2d\u5b9a\u4e2d\u7684 listen \u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6a94\u6848\u4f4d\u65bc \/etc\/php-fpm.d\/www.conf<\/code>\u3002listen \u6307\u4ee4\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u76e3\u807d\u4f4d\u5740\u6216 socket \u8def\u5f91\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u8207 Nginx \u8a2d\u5b9a\u4e2d\u7684 fastcgi_pass<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4 502\u3002\u57f7\u884c grep '^listen =' \/etc\/php-fpm.d\/www.conf<\/code> \u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u524d\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff0c\u518d\u8207 Nginx \u8a2d\u5b9a\u9032\u884c\u6bd4\u5c0d\u3002\u5169\u8005\u5fc5\u9808\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f Unix socket\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u8def\u5f91\u5fc5\u9808\u4e00\u5b57\u4e0d\u5dee\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f TCP \u4f4d\u5740\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u5fc5\u9808\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n \u4fee\u6b63 Unix Socket \u7684\u64c1\u6709\u6b0a<\/h3>\n \u7576 listen \u6307\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528 Unix socket \u6642\uff0c\u6a94\u6848\u6b0a\u9650\u5c31\u8b8a\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u95dc\u9375\u3002Nginx \u5fc5\u9808\u5c0d\u8a72 socket \u6a94\u6848\u64c1\u6709\u8b80\u5beb\u6b0a\u9650\u3002\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u64c1\u6709\u6b0a\u6703\u963b\u6b62\u9023\u7dda\u3002\u4e0b\u8868\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6b0a\u9650\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n \n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \u8a2d\u5b9a\u9805<\/th>\n \u9810\u8a2d\u503c \/ \u7bc4\u4f8b\u503c<\/th>\n \u7528\u9014<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n listen.owner<\/td>\n nobody\uff08\u9810\u8a2d\u8a3b\u89e3\u503c\uff09<\/td>\n Unix socket \u7684\u64c1\u6709\u8005<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n listen.group<\/td>\n nobody\uff08\u9810\u8a2d\u8a3b\u89e3\u503c\uff09<\/td>\n Unix socket \u7684\u6240\u5c6c\u7fa4\u7d44<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n listen.mode<\/td>\n 0666\uff08\u9810\u8a2d\u8a3b\u89e3\u503c\uff09<\/td>\n \u6b0a\u9650\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff1b\u9700\u8981\u5177\u5099\u8b80\u5beb\u6b0a\u9650<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n user<\/td>\n apache<\/td>\n PHP-FPM \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u8005<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n group<\/td>\n apache<\/td>\n PHP-FPM \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7fa4\u7d44<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n socket \u6240\u5728\u76ee\u9304\u540c\u6a23\u9700\u8981\u5177\u5099\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u64c1\u6709\u6b0a\u548c\u6b0a\u9650\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u9019\u689d\u6307\u4ee4\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5408\u9069\u7684\u8a2d\u5b9a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n \u89e3\u6c7a TLS \u63e1\u624b\u5931\u6557<\/strong><\/h2>\n \u5982\u679c\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS\uff0c\u5c31\u53c8\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u932f\u7684\u74b0\u7bc0\u3002Nginx \u9023\u7dda\u5f8c\u7aef\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u9032\u884c TLS \u63e1\u624b\uff0c\u800c\u5354\u5546\u5931\u6557\u3002\u4ee3\u7406\u56e0\u6b64\u7121\u6cd5\u6536\u5230\u6709\u6548\u56de\u61c9\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u56de\u50b3 502\u3002\u6191\u8b49\u554f\u984c\u548c\u5354\u5b9a\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u90fd\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u9019\u7a2e\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b83\u5011\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u6703\u5728\u5b58\u53d6\u65e5\u8a8c\u4e2d\u7559\u4e0b\u660e\u986f\u7dda\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n \u9a57\u8b49\u4e0a\u6e38\u6191\u8b49<\/h3>\n \u6191\u8b49\u904e\u671f\u3001\u81ea\u7c3d\u6191\u8b49\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6191\u8b49\u6240\u7c3d\u767c\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\u540d\u7a31\u8207\u5be6\u969b\u4e3b\u6a5f\u540d\u7a31\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u90fd\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u63e1\u624b\u5931\u6557\u3002Nginx \u6703\u62d2\u7d55\u4e0a\u6e38\u8eab\u5206\u4e26\u95dc\u9589\u9023\u7dda\u3002\u5728\u66f4\u6539\u4efb\u4f55\u8a2d\u5b9a\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u61c9\u5148\u5f9e Nginx \u4e3b\u6a5f\u76f4\u63a5\u6e2c\u8a66\u4e0a\u6e38\u3002openssl s client \u5de5\u5177\u6703\u986f\u793a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6191\u8b49\u93c8\u4ee5\u53ca\u9a57\u8b49\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n \u53ea\u6709\u7576\u8f38\u51fa\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u8af8\u5982 Verify return code: 0 (ok)<\/code> \u6216 Verification: OK<\/code> \u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u6642\uff0c\u6191\u8b49\u6aa2\u67e5\u624d\u7b97\u901a\u904e\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u56de\u50b3\u78bc\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u5411\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u8acb\u5c07\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\u540d\u7a31\u548c\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u66ff\u63db\u70ba\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e0a\u6e38\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f9d\u8cf4\u79c1\u6709 CA\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u78ba\u8a8d CA \u6a94\u6848\u8207 Nginx \u8a2d\u5b9a\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u6a94\u6848\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n \u5339\u914d\u5354\u5b9a\u8207\u5bc6\u78bc\u5957\u4ef6<\/h3>\n \u5354\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u6216\u5bc6\u78bc\u5957\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u63e1\u624b\u5931\u6557\u3002\u4e0a\u6e38\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u63a5\u53d7 TLS 1.2\uff0c\u800c Nginx \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u7248\u672c\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u96d9\u65b9\u6839\u672c\u6c92\u6709\u5171\u540c\u652f\u63f4\u7684\u5bc6\u78bc\u5957\u4ef6\u3002\u9023\u7dda\u5617\u8a66\u56e0\u6b64\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u4fbf\u5411\u7528\u6236\u7aef\u56de\u5831 502\u3002<\/p>\n \u6aa2\u67e5\u5169\u7aef\u7684\u5354\u5b9a\u8207\u5bc6\u78bc\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3002\u5c07 Nginx \u8a2d\u5b9a\u4e2d\u7684 ssl_protocols<\/code> \u548c ssl_ciphers<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u8207\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u9032\u884c\u6bd4\u5c0d\u3002\u900f\u904e\u555f\u7528\u96d9\u65b9\u90fd\u652f\u63f4\u7684\u5354\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u6216\u5bc6\u78bc\u5957\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f86\u64f4\u5927\u76f8\u5bb9\u7bc4\u570d\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u5f8c\uff0c\u90fd\u61c9\u91cd\u65b0\u8f09\u5165 Nginx\uff0c\u4e26\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528 openssl s client \u6e2c\u8a66\u4e0a\u6e38\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u63e1\u624b\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u4fee\u5fa9\u5df2\u7d93\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n \n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n \u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u4f60\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u689d\u53ef\u91cd\u8907\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6392\u67e5\u8def\u5f91\uff1a\u5148\u770b\u4ee3\u7406\u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\uff0c\u518d\u6aa2\u67e5\u4e0a\u6e38\u670d\u52d9\u3001\u7db2\u8def\u898f\u5247\u3001Nginx \u8a2d\u5b9a\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5c64\u3002\u6309\u7167\u9019\u500b\u9806\u5e8f\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5728\u4e0d\u9760\u731c\u6e2c\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u56de\u7b54\u300c\u6211\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u627e\u5230\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\uff1f\u300d\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n \u5efa\u8b70\u4f60\u628a\u4e0b\u9762\u9019\u4efd\u6e05\u55ae\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u4ee5\u5099\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u4e8b\u6545\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n \n \u9996\u5148\u95b1\u8b80 Nginx \u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\u3002<\/li>\n \u78ba\u8a8d\u4e0a\u6e38\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u4e14\u6b63\u5728\u76e3\u807d\u3002<\/li>\n \u4f7f\u7528 curl \u6216 telnet \u6e2c\u8a66\u53ef\u9054\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n \u9a57\u8b49 proxy_pass\u3001\u903e\u6642\u548c\u7de9\u885d\u5340\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n \u6aa2\u67e5 SELinux\u3001AppArmor \u548c TLS \u8a2d\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n \u540c\u4e00\u500b 502 Bad Gateway \u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6703\u9023\u7e8c\u5169\u6b21\u7531\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u539f\u56e0\u5f15\u767c\u3002\u6301\u7e8c\u76e3\u63a7\u4e0a\u6e38\u5065\u5eb7\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u6aa2\u67e5\u65e5\u8a8c\uff0c\u4e26\u9075\u5faa Nginx \u4ee3\u7406\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u52d9\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u9810\u9632\u5927\u591a\u6578 502 \u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n \u5e38\u898b\u554f\u984c<\/strong><\/h2>\n \u5927\u591a\u6578 502 Bad Gateway \u932f\u8aa4\u662f\u7531\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\uff1f<\/h3>\n \u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5df2\u505c\u6b62\u57f7\u884c\u6216\u7121\u6cd5\u5b58\u53d6\u3002\u5f8c\u7aef\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7d93\u7576\u6a5f\u3001\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6839\u672c\u6c92\u6709\u555f\u52d5\u3002\u61c9\u5148\u6aa2\u67e5\u4ee3\u7406\u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u5411\u4e0a\u6e38\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n \u6211\u8981\u600e\u9ebc\u5224\u65b7\u554f\u984c\u51fa\u5728 Nginx \u9084\u662f\u5f8c\u7aef\uff1f<\/h3>\n Nginx \u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\u6703\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u51fa\u73fe connection refused \u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f8c\u7aef\u5df2\u505c\u6b62\uff1b\u51fa\u73fe timeout \u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f8c\u7aef\u56de\u61c9\u904e\u6162\u3002Nginx \u53ea\u662f\u56de\u5831\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u554f\u984c\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u5f8c\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n \u5373\u4f7f\u61c9\u7528\u57f7\u884c\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u7246\u4e5f\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4 502 \u55ce\uff1f<\/h3>\n \u6703\u3002\u9632\u706b\u7246\u898f\u5247\u6216\u96f2\u7aef\u5b89\u5168\u7fa4\u7d44\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5728 Nginx \u8207\u4e0a\u6e38\u4e4b\u9593\u4e1f\u68c4\u5c01\u5305\u3002\u670d\u52d9\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e0a\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u4e00\u5207\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u4f46\u5f9e Nginx \u4e3b\u6a5f\u4f7f\u7528 curl \u6216 telnet \u6e2c\u8a66\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u78ba\u8a8d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u963b\u64cb\u3002<\/p>\n \u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc 502 \u53ea\u6703\u5728\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\u6642\u51fa\u73fe\uff1f<\/h3>\n \u9019\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u793a\u8cc7\u6e90\u8017\u76e1\u3002\u4e0a\u6e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u57f7\u884c\u7dd2\u6c60\u88ab\u5360\u6eff\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u958b\u59cb\u8b8a\u6162\u3002Nginx \u6301\u7e8c\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u903e\u6642\u3002\u8207\u5176\u5148\u63d0\u9ad8\u903e\u6642\u503c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u5148\u67e5\u770b\u4e0a\u6e38\u6548\u80fd\u6307\u6a19\u3002<\/p>\n \u6211\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u627e\u5230\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\uff1f<\/h3>\n \u5f9e\u4ee3\u7406\u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\u958b\u59cb\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u78ba\u8a8d\u4e0a\u6e38\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u4e26\u8655\u65bc\u76e3\u807d\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u63a5\u8457\u6e2c\u8a66\u7db2\u8def\u53ef\u9054\u6027\u3002\u4e4b\u5f8c\u518d\u6aa2\u67e5\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3001\u903e\u6642\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c64\u90fd\u6703\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7e2e\u5c0f\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4f60\u5b9a\u4f4d\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6545\u969c\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" HTTP 502 \u932f\u8aa4\u6703\u8b93\u670d\u52d9\u77ac\u9593\u53d7\u963b\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u542b\u7cca\u7684\u5931\u6557\u9801\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u4f60\u7684\u76e3\u63a7\u7cfb\u7d71\u5247\u6703\u7acb\u523b\u4eae\u8d77\u8b66\u5831\u3002\u6b98\u9177 […]<\/p>\n Read More…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":34903,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[13497,13498,13499,13500,13501],"class_list":["post-34907","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hong-kong-dedicated-server-tc","tag-nginx-502-error","tag-bad-gateway-troubleshooting","tag-upstream-server-failure","tag-reverse-proxy-error","tag-gateway-timeout-diagnosis"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n