\u5728\u4f01\u696d\u5132\u5b58\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u5728\u786c\u789f\u6a5f\uff08HDD\uff09\u548c\u56fa\u614b\u786c\u789f\uff08SSD\uff09<\/a>\u4e4b\u9593\u505a\u51fa\u9078\u64c7\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u5f71\u97ff\u7f8e\u570b\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/a>\u7684\u6548\u80fd\u3002\u672c\u7d9c\u5408\u6307\u5357\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u5132\u5b58\u6280\u8853\u5728\u73fe\u4ee3\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u79df\u7528\u548c\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u8a17\u7ba1\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u4f7f\u7528\u5834\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e\u5177\u9ad4\u7528\u4f8b\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u6280\u8853\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u904b\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002HDD\u4f7f\u7528\u78c1\u789f\u7247\u548c\u6a5f\u68b0\u8b80\u5beb\u982d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4ee55400\u523015000 RPM\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u904b\u884c\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cSSD\u63a1\u7528NAND\u5feb\u9583\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u55ae\u5143\uff0c\u7121\u9700\u79fb\u52d5\u96f6\u4ef6\u5373\u53ef\u5b58\u53d6\u8cc7\u6599\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u57fa\u672c\u5dee\u7570\u9020\u5c31\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6548\u80fd\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5f71\u97ff\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u61c9\u7528\u5834\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728\u6210\u672c\u6bcfGB\u548c\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u5132\u5b58\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5834\u666f\u4e2d\uff0cHDD\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u8272\u3002\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5206\u6790\u95dc\u9375\u6548\u80fd\u6307\u6a19\uff1a<\/p>\n HDD\u4e3b\u8981\u61c9\u7528\u5834\u666f\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n \u5be6\u65bd\u4ee5\u4e0b\u76e3\u63a7\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u5be6\u73fe\u6700\u4f73\u5132\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n \u4f01\u696d\u5132\u5b58\u6280\u8853\u6301\u7e8c\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u65b0\u8208\u6280\u8853\u6b63\u5728\u91cd\u5851\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u79df\u7528\u548c\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u8a17\u7ba1\u74b0\u5883\u3002\u95dc\u9375\u767c\u5c55\u5305\u62ecNVMe over Fabrics\uff08NVMeOF\uff09\u548c\u904b\u7b97\u5132\u5b58\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6b63\u5728\u6539\u8b8a\u50b3\u7d71\u67b6\u69cb\uff1a<\/p>\n \u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u500b\u6280\u8853\u6c7a\u7b56\u6846\u67b6\u9032\u884c\u5132\u5b58\u9078\u64c7\uff1a<\/p>\n \u5728\u4f01\u696d\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u5be6\u65bd\u5132\u5b58\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u6642\uff0c\u8acb\u8003\u616e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7cfb\u7d71\u7d1a\u6700\u4f73\u5316\uff1a<\/p>\n \u5728\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u79df\u7528\u548c\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u8a17\u7ba1\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0cHDD\u548cSSD\u5132\u5b58\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u5de5\u4f5c\u8ca0\u8f09\u7279\u5fb5\u3001\u6548\u80fd\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u9810\u7b97\u9650\u5236\u3002\u96d6\u7136SSD\u5728\u9700\u8981\u4f4e\u5ef6\u9072\u548c\u9ad8IOPS\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u5834\u666f\u4e2d\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4ee5\u6bcfGB\u6210\u672c\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u8003\u616e\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u5132\u5b58\u9700\u6c42\u4e2d\uff0cHDD\u4ecd\u7136\u5177\u6709\u7af6\u722d\u529b\u3002\u73fe\u4ee3\u4f01\u696d\u67b6\u69cb\u901a\u5e38\u5f9e\u6df7\u5408\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u5169\u7a2e\u6280\u8853\u7684\u512a\u52e2\u3002<\/p>\n \u70ba\u4e86\u5be6\u73fe\u6700\u4f73\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5132\u5b58\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8acb\u6839\u64da\u672c\u6307\u5357\u4e2d\u6982\u8ff0\u7684\u6548\u80fd\u6307\u6a19\u3001\u6210\u672c\u8003\u616e\u56e0\u7d20\u548c\u6280\u8853\u8981\u6c42\u8a55\u4f30\u60a8\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u7528\u4f8b\u3002\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u4f01\u696d\u7d1a\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u79df\u7528\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u6642\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u8aee\u8a62\u5132\u5b58\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u5132\u5b58\u67b6\u69cb\u65e2\u6eff\u8db3\u7576\u524d\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53c8\u5177\u5099\u672a\u4f86\u53ef\u64f4\u5145\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u5728\u4f01\u696d\u5132\u5b58\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u5728\u786c\u789f\u6a5f\uff08HDD\uff09\u548c\u56fa\u614b\u786c\u789f\uff08SSD\uff09\u4e4b\u9593\u505a\u51fa\u9078\u64c7\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u5f71\u97ff\u7f8e\u570b\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u6548\u80fd\u3002\u672c\u7d9c\u5408 […]<\/p>\n\u7406\u89e3\u5132\u5b58\u6280\u8853\u57fa\u790e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
HDD\u6548\u80fd\u6307\u6a19\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5834\u666f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\r\n# \u5178\u578bHDD\u6548\u80fd\u6307\u6a19\r\n\u5faa\u5e8f\u8b80\u53d6\uff1a80-160 MB\/s\r\n\u5faa\u5e8f\u5beb\u5165\uff1a80-160 MB\/s\r\n\u96a8\u6a5f4K\u8b80\u53d6\uff08IOPS\uff09\uff1a80-150\r\n\u96a8\u6a5f4K\u5beb\u5165\uff08IOPS\uff09\uff1a80-150\r\n\u5e73\u5747\u5ef6\u9072\uff1a4.16ms\uff08\u9069\u7528\u65bc7200 RPM\u78c1\u789f\u6a5f\uff09\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
\u6548\u80fd\u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u7dad\u8b77<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\r\n# SSD\u5065\u5eb7\u6aa2\u67e5\r\nsmartctl -A \/dev\/sda | grep \"Media_Wearout_Indicator\"\r\n\r\n# HDD\u6548\u80fd\u76e3\u63a7\r\niostat -xd 1\r\n# \u8f38\u51fa\u5206\u6790\uff1a\r\n# %util - \u983b\u5bec\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\r\n# await - \u5e73\u5747I\/O\u7b49\u5f85\u6642\u9593\r\n# r\/s, w\/s - \u6bcf\u79d2\u8b80\u5beb\u6b21\u6578\r\n\r\n# IOPS\u6e2c\u91cf\r\nfio --filename=\/dev\/sda --direct=1 --rw=randread \\\r\n --bs=4k --ioengine=libaio --iodepth=32 \\\r\n --runtime=60 --numjobs=4 --time_based \\\r\n --group_reporting --name=iops-test-job\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u672a\u4f86\u5132\u5b58\u6280\u8853\u8da8\u52e2<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\r\n# \u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u5132\u5b58\u6548\u80fd\u9810\u6e2c\r\nNVMe SSD\uff08\u7b2c4\u4ee3\uff09\uff1a\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 \u5faa\u5e8f\u8b80\u53d6\uff1a\u6700\u9ad8 7000 MB\/s\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 \u5faa\u5e8f\u5beb\u5165\uff1a\u6700\u9ad8 6500 MB\/s\r\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 \u96a8\u6a5f4K QD32\uff1a1,000,000 IOPS\r\n\r\n\u5132\u5b58\u7d1a\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\uff1a\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 \u5ef6\u9072\uff1a< 0.1\u00b5s\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 \u8010\u4e45\u5ea6\uff1a\u662fNAND\u5feb\u9583\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u7684100\u500d\r\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 \u6210\u672c\uff1a\u6bd4NAND\u9ad8\u51fa5-7\u500d\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5132\u5b58\u9078\u64c7\u6c7a\u7b56\u77e9\u9663<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\r\nfunction calculateStorageScore(requirements) {\r\n let score = {\r\n hdd: 0,\r\n ssd: 0\r\n };\r\n \r\n \/\/ \u8a55\u5206\u56e0\u7d20\r\n const FACTORS = {\r\n iops_needed: {\r\n threshold: 10000,\r\n hdd_weight: -2,\r\n ssd_weight: 2\r\n },\r\n budget_per_tb: {\r\n threshold: 50,\r\n hdd_weight: 2,\r\n ssd_weight: -1\r\n },\r\n capacity_needed: {\r\n threshold: 10,\r\n hdd_weight: 1,\r\n ssd_weight: -1\r\n }\r\n };\r\n \r\n \/\/ \u57fa\u65bc\u9700\u6c42\u8a08\u7b97\u5f97\u5206\r\n return score;\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5be6\u52d9\u5be6\u65bd\u6307\u5357<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\r\n# \u5132\u5b58\u5806\u758a\u914d\u7f6e\r\n\/etc\/sysctl.conf \u8abf\u6574\uff1a\r\n\r\n# \u7528\u65bcSSD\uff1a\r\nvm.dirty_ratio = 10\r\nvm.dirty_background_ratio = 5\r\nvm.swappiness = 10\r\n\r\n# \u7528\u65bcHDD\uff1a\r\nvm.dirty_ratio = 20\r\nvm.dirty_background_ratio = 10\r\nvm.swappiness = 30\r\n\r\n# \u6a94\u6848\u7cfb\u7d71\u9078\u64c7\r\nSSD\uff1aext4\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 noatime,discard\r\nHDD\uff1aXFS\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 noatime,logbufs=8\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u7d50\u8ad6<\/strong><\/h2>\n