Su\u662f”switch user”\u6216”substitute user”\u7684\u7e2e\u5beb\uff0c\u662fUnix\u985e\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5207\u63db\u7684\u5143\u8001\u7d1a\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u7576\u4e0d\u5e36\u53c3\u6578\u4f7f\u7528\u6642\uff0csu\u5047\u5b9a\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u7372\u53d6root\u5b58\u53d6\u6b0a\u9650\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u50cf\u64c1\u6709\u4e86\u6574\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u842c\u80fd\u9470\u5319\u3002<\/p>\n

$ su\r\nPassword:\r\n#<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e00\u65e6\u8f38\u5165root\u5bc6\u78bc\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u6574root\u6b0a\u9650\u7684\u65b0shell\u6703\u8a71\u3002\u9019\u5f88\u5f37\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u6b0a\u529b\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u8cac\u4efb\u8d8a\u5927\uff08\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5e36\u4f86\u707d\u96e3\u6027\u5f8c\u679c\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”blog-detail-section”][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
Sudo\uff1a\u9748\u6d3b\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u5de5\u5177<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Sudo\u4ee3\u8868”superuser do”\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u66f4\u70ba\u7cbe\u7d30\u7684\u6b0a\u9650\u63d0\u5347\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8a31\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u4ee5\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u8d85\u7d1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\uff09\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6b0a\u9650\u904b\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
$ sudo command_to_run\r\n[sudo] password for user:<\/code><\/pre>\n
Sudo\u7684\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u9ad4\u73fe\u5728\u5176\u5c0d”\u8ab0\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4ec0\u9ebc”\u7684\u7cbe\u7d30\u63a7\u5236\u4e0a\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u50cf\u70ba\u6bcf\u500b\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b9a\u88fd\u7684\u5b58\u53d6\u5361\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5206\u767c\u4e3b\u9470\u5319\u3002<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”blog-detail-section”][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
\u95dc\u9375\u5dee\u7570\uff1aSudo vs Su<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u7279\u6027<\/th>\n
Sudo<\/th>\n
Su<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6b0a\u9650\u6a21\u578b<\/td>\n
\u7279\u5b9a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u81e8\u6642\u63d0\u5347<\/td>\n
\u5b8c\u5168\u5207\u63db\u5230root\u4f7f\u7528\u8005<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6240\u9700\u5bc6\u78bc<\/td>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bc6\u78bc<\/td>\n
Root\u5bc6\u78bc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a18\u9304<\/td>\n
\u57f7\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u65e5\u8a8c<\/td>\n
\u6709\u9650\u7684\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a18\u9304<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9748\u6d3b\u6027<\/td>\n
\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u6b0a\u9650<\/td>\n
\u8981\u9ebc\u5168\u6709\u8981\u9ebc\u5168\u7121\u7684\u5b58\u53d6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/td>\n
\u7531\u65bc\u6709\u9650\u66b4\u9732\u800c\u66f4\u5b89\u5168<\/td>\n
\u7531\u65bc\u5b8c\u5168root\u5b58\u53d6\u800c\u98a8\u96aa\u8f03\u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”blog-detail-section”][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
\u70ba\u9999\u6e2f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u9078\u64c7Sudo\u9084\u662fSu<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u9999\u6e2f\u5feb\u7bc0\u594f\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6642\uff0csudo\u548csu\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u986f\u8457\u5f71\u97ff\u4f60\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ba1\u7406\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Sudo\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff1a<\/h3>\n
\n
\u9700\u8981\u5c0d\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u6b0a\u9650\u9032\u884c\u7cbe\u7d30\u63a7\u5236<\/li>\n
\u5be9\u8a08\u8ffd\u8e64\u5c0d\u5408\u898f\u6027\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981<\/li>\n
\u4f60\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u500b\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u5c08\u696d\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u5718\u968a<\/li>\n
\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u9996\u8981\u8003\u616e\u56e0\u7d20\uff08\u5c0d\u9999\u6e2f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4f86\u8aaa\u61c9\u8a72\u5982\u6b64\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Su\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff1a<\/h3>\n
\n
\u9700\u8981\u9577\u6642\u9593\u7684root\u5b58\u53d6\u6b0a\u9650\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u7cfb\u7d71\u7bc4\u570d\u7684\u66f4\u6539<\/li>\n
\u4f60\u662f\u500b\u4eba\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1<\/li>\n
\u907a\u7559\u7cfb\u7d71\u6216\u8173\u672c\u9700\u8981root shell\u5b58\u53d6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”blog-detail-section”][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
Sudo\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a\u9999\u6e2f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u52a9\u624b<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5c0d\u65bc\u9999\u6e2f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u79df\u7528\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u914d\u7f6e\u826f\u597d\u7684sudoers\u6a94\u6848\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7dda\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5e73\u8861\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n
# \/etc\/sudoers\r\n# User privilege specification\r\nroot    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL\r\n\r\n# Allow members of group sudo to execute any command\r\n%sudo   ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL\r\n\r\n# Hong Kong server admin group with custom permissions\r\n%hkadmin ALL=(ALL) \/usr\/bin\/apt, \/usr\/bin\/systemctl\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9019\u500b\u914d\u7f6e\u70basudo\u7fa4\u7d44\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u6388\u4e88\u5b8c\u5168\u7684sudo\u5b58\u53d6\u6b0a\u9650\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u70bahkadmin\u7fa4\u7d44\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u7d44\u5b9a\u88fd\u7684\u6b0a\u9650\uff0c\u5c08\u9580\u91dd\u5c0d\u9999\u6e2f\u8cc7\u6599\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u4efb\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”blog-detail-section”][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
Su\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a\u7576\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5b8c\u5168\u7684Root\u6b0a\u9650\u6642<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u96d6\u7136\u901a\u5e38\u63a8\u85a6\u4f7f\u7528sudo\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u6642su\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u9700\u8981\u6301\u7e8croot\u5b58\u53d6\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u7cfb\u7d71\u5347\u7d1a\u6216\u914d\u7f6e\u6642\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u4f7f\u7528su\uff1a<\/p>\n
$ su -\r\nPassword:\r\n# whoami\r\nroot\r\n# exit\r\n$<\/code><\/pre>\n
“-“\u9078\u9805\u78ba\u4fdd\u4f60\u7372\u5f97\u4e00\u500b\u4e7e\u6de8\u7684\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u6a21\u64ec\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u767b\u5165\u3002\u8a18\u4f4f\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c\u9000\u51faroot shell\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u5b89\u5168\u98a8\u96aa\u3002
\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”blog-detail-section”][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
\u9999\u6e2f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\n
\u9810\u8a2d\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c0d\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7ba1\u7406\u4efb\u52d9\u4f7f\u7528sudo<\/li>\n
\u5be6\u65bd\u5f37\u5bc6\u78bc\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4e26\u8003\u616e\u96d9\u56e0\u7d20\u8a8d\u8b49<\/li>\n
\u5b9a\u671f\u5be9\u8a08sudo\u65e5\u8a8c\u4ee5\u767c\u73fe\u7570\u5e38\u6d3b\u52d5<\/li>\n
\u70ba\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u89d2\u8272\u5275\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9sudo\u914d\u7f6e\u6a94\u6848<\/li>\n
\u8b39\u614e\u4f7f\u7528su\uff0c\u50c5\u5728\u7d55\u5c0d\u5fc5\u8981\u6642\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n
\u5c07sudo\u914d\u7f6e\u7f6e\u65bc\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u4e4b\u4e0b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”blog-detail-section”][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
\u7d50\u8ad6\uff1a\u5e73\u8861\u6b0a\u529b\u548c\u5b89\u5168<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u9ad8\u98a8\u96aa\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u9078\u64c7sudo\u9084\u662fsu\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u500b\u4eba\u504f\u597d\u2014\u2014\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6230\u7565\u6c7a\u7b56\u3002Sudo\u70ba\u5927\u591a\u6578\u5834\u666f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7cbe\u7d30\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u800csu\u5247\u70ba\u90a3\u4e9b\u7f55\u898b\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u539f\u59cb\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u901a\u904e\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5229\u7528\u9019\u5169\u500b\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u512a\u52e2\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4fdd\u6301\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u4e26\u70ba\u6578\u4f4d\u666f\u89c0\u53ef\u80fd\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6311\u6230\u505a\u597d\u6e96\u5099\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8acb\u8a18\u4f4f\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u4f60\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u5c0f\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u79df\u7528\u8a2d\u7f6e\u9084\u662f\u9999\u6e2f\u8cc7\u6599\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u8a17\u7ba1\uff0c\u539f\u5247\u59cb\u7d42\u76f8\u540c\uff1a\u6700\u5c0f\u6b0a\u9650\u3001\u554f\u8cac\u5236\u548c\u8b66\u60d5\u6027\u3002\u638c\u63e1sudo\u548csu\u7684\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u61c9\u5c0d\u4e9e\u6d32\u6700\u5177\u6d3b\u529b\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
[vc_row el_class=”blog-detail-section”][vc_ […]<\/p>\n
Read More…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":16147,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[3643,3642,3640,3641,852],"class_list":["post-16150","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hong-kong-dedicated-server-tc","tag-root-access-tc","tag-linux-commands-tc","tag-sudo-tc","tag-su-tc","tag-server-security-tc"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n