\u901a\u4fd7\u7406\u89e3 DNS \u6295\u6bd2<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u6b63\u5e38\u7684 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684<\/h3>\n

\u6bcf\u6b21\u4f60\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u5740\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u4f1a\u5411 DNS \u89e3\u6790\u5668\uff08DNS resolver\uff09\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5730\u5740\uff08IP\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53eb\u505a DNS \u89e3\u6790\uff08DNS resolution\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u6b21\u6b63\u5e38\u7684 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u901f\u5ea6\u975e\u5e38\u5feb\uff0c\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u51b5\u826f\u597d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728 20\u2013120 \u6beb\u79d2\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u5f53\u5ef6\u8fdf\u8fbe\u5230 150 \u6beb\u79d2\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u611f\u89c9\u5230\u53d8\u6162\uff0c\u800c\u8d85\u8fc7 200 \u6beb\u79d2\u5c31\u503c\u5f97\u4ed4\u7ec6\u6392\u67e5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

\u6027\u80fd\u7b49\u7ea7<\/th>\n	\u5178\u578b DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u957f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5feb\u901f\u4e14\u54cd\u5e94\u7075\u654f\u7684\u8fde\u63a5<\/td>\n	20\u2013120 ms<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5f00\u59cb\u51fa\u73b0\u660e\u663e\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/td>\n	150 ms \u4ee5\u4e0a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4f53\u9a8c\u660e\u663e\u5361\u987f<\/td>\n	300 ms \u6216\u66f4\u591a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u503c\u5f97\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6392\u67e5\u7684\u9608\u503c<\/td>\n	\u8d85\u8fc7 200 ms<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n \u4f60\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4f1a\u628a\u8fd1\u671f\u7684 DNS \u89e3\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u7f13\u5b58\u5728 DNS \u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e0b\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u540c\u4e00\u7f51\u7ad9\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u5feb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f13\u5b58\u8bb0\u5f55\u5982\u679c\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u628a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6307\u5411\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4eba\u7be1\u6539\uff0c\u628a\u6b63\u786e\u8bb0\u5f55\u6362\u6210\u5047\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u6307\u5411\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u201c\u65e0\u5904\u53ef\u53bb\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f DNS \u6295\u6bd2\u7834\u574f\u4fe1\u4efb\u94fe\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u53d8\u6162\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u611f\u89c9\u50cf\u662f\u7f51\u7ad9\u574f\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u5728\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u201c\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n DNS \u7f13\u5b58\u6295\u6bd2\u5177\u4f53\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h3>\n DNS \u7f13\u5b58\u6295\u6bd2\uff08DNS cache poisoning\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u9519\u8bef\u7b54\u6848\u66ff\u6362\u6b63\u786e\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5411 DNS \u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u865a\u5047\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u800c\u4f60\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4f1a\u628a\u5b83\u5f53\u6210\u771f\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f0e\u4fe9\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a DNS \u7f13\u5b58\u6b3a\u9a97\uff08DNS cache spoofing\uff09\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u5f88\u76f4\u89c2\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8fde\u5411\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u7f51\u7ad9\u5c31\u6253\u4e0d\u5f00\u4e86\u3002\u672c\u6307\u5357\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u8bbf\u95ee\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u5f88\u5927\u6982\u7387\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd DNS \u7f13\u5b58\u6295\u6bd2\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n DNS \u6295\u6bd2\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u9488\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f71\u54cd\u6574\u4e2a\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u6253\u4e0d\u5f00\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7ad9\u5374\u4e00\u5207\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684 DNS \u7f13\u5b58\u8bb0\u5f55\u53ea\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u5b83\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u67e5\u8be2\u4f9d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56de\u6b63\u786e\u7ed3\u679c\u3002DNS \u6295\u6bd2\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u201c\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u7ad9\u90fd\u540c\u65f6\u574f\u6389\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n DNS \u6295\u6bd2\u653b\u51fb\u5f80\u5f80\u4ece\u8584\u5f31\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7ecf\u5e38\u9047\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684 DNS \u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u91cc\u67d0\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u6ca1\u6709\u6253\u8865\u4e01\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8def\u7531\u5668\u56fa\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97 DNS \u6295\u6bd2\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u590d\u6210\u529f\u3002\u4f60\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u8bc6\u522b DNS \u6295\u6bd2\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u67d0\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7f51\u7ad9\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7ad9\u6b63\u5e38\uff1b\u5e76\u4e14\u6362\u7f51\u7edc\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u7528\u624b\u673a\u6d41\u91cf\uff09\u540e\u5c31\u6062\u590d\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e DNS \u95ee\u9898\u9650\u5b9a\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u597d\u6d88\u606f\u662f\uff0cDNS \u7f13\u5b58\u6295\u6bd2\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u6682\u65f6\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u90fd\u80fd\u5f88\u5feb\u6e05\u7406\u5e72\u51c0\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u6765\u4fee\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n \u786e\u8ba4\u7f51\u7ad9\u6253\u4e0d\u5f00\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u56e0\u4e3a DNS \u6c61\u67d3<\/strong><\/h2>\n \u5148\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u67e5<\/h3>\n \u5148\u4ece\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u6253\u5f00\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\uff1b\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8bd5\u8bd5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u65e0\u75d5 \/ \u9690\u79c1\u6a21\u5f0f\u201d\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u518d\u505a\u4e00\u6b21\u5f3a\u5236\u5237\u65b0\uff1aWindows \u4e0a\u6309 Ctrl+Shift+R\uff0cMac \u4e0a\u6309 Command+Shift+R\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u80fd\u5e2e\u4f60\u786e\u8ba4\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u53ea\u51fa\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3001\u67d0\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n \u63a5\u7740\u6392\u9664\u5e72\u6270\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u6682\u65f6\u5173\u95ed VPN \u548c\u6740\u6bd2\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u518d\u5237\u65b0\u7f51\u9875\u3002\u4e5f\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e0b\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8fc7\u4e8e\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u62e6\u622a\u67d0\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u50cf DNS \u6545\u969c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5173\u6389 VPN \u540e\u7f51\u7ad9\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u6253\u5f00\uff0c\u90a3\u8bf4\u660e\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u81ea VPN\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f DNS \u6295\u6bd2\u3002<\/p>\n \u54ea\u4e9b\u8ff9\u8c61\u8bf4\u660e\u662f DNS \u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n \u7559\u610f\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u201c\u6a21\u5f0f\u201d\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u7f51\u7ad9\u6253\u4e0d\u5f00\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7f51\u7ad9\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u8fd9\u5f80\u5f80\u6697\u793a DNS \u89e3\u6790\u88ab\u7be1\u6539\uff0c\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u9047\u5230 DNS \u6295\u6bd2\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u629b\u51fa\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\u6765\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u201cDNS server not responding\uff08DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e0\u54cd\u5e94\uff09\u201d\u6216\u8005\u201cdomain could not be found\uff08\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u57df\u540d\uff09\u201d\u4e4b\u7c7b\uff0c\u90fd\u76f4\u6307 DNS \u5c42\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n \u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u5b83\u4fe1\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u8bc6\u522b DNS \u6295\u6bd2\uff1a\u610f\u5916\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u964c\u751f\u7f51\u7ad9\u3001\u8bc1\u4e66\u8b66\u544a\u3001\u9996\u6b21\u6253\u5f00\u67d0\u7f51\u7ad9\u65f6\u5f02\u5e38\u7f13\u6162\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7ebf\u7d22\u3002\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8fd8\u6709\uff1a\u4f60\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684 URL \u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u660e\u663e\u4e0d\u7b26\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c nslookup<\/code> \u6216 dig<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u8fd4\u56de\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u662f\u5426\u548c\u9884\u671f\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u5982\u679c IP \u5730\u5740\u660e\u663e\u4e0d\u5bf9\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u672c\u786e\u8ba4\u5b58\u5728\u7be1\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n \u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u7528 DNSSEC \u6765\u9632\u6b62\u89e3\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u88ab\u7be1\u6539\uff1b\u5728\u652f\u6301\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528 DNS-over-HTTPS\uff08DoH\uff09\u6216 DNS-over-TLS\uff08DoT\uff09\u5bf9 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff1b\u5b9a\u671f\u505a\u6076\u610f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u626b\u63cf\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u6076\u610f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4fee\u6539 hosts \u6587\u4ef6\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u8def\u7531\u5668\u548c\u56fa\u4ef6\u5904\u4e8e\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11 DNS \u52ab\u6301\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n \n \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \u8868\u73b0<\/th>\n \u53ef\u80fd\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n \u610f\u5916\u8df3\u8f6c<\/td>\n \u719f\u6089\u7684 URL \u5374\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u964c\u751f\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u6216\u5f39\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u754c\u9762<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u8b66\u544a<\/td>\n \u51fa\u73b0\u201c\u8bc1\u4e66\u4e0d\u53d7\u4fe1\u4efb\u201d\u7b49\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4eff\u5192\u7f51\u7ad9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n IP \u89e3\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u5f02\u5e38<\/td>\n nslookup<\/code> \u6216 dig<\/code> \u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u9884\u671f\u4e0d\u7b26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n DNS \u8bbe\u7f6e\u88ab\u64c5\u81ea\u4fee\u6539<\/td>\n \u8bbe\u5907\u6216\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684 DNS \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5728\u4f60\u4e0d\u77e5\u60c5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n \u4ee5\u4e0a\u68c0\u67e5\u53ea\u9700\u51e0\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u7684 DNS \u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u6253\u4e0b\u6bd4\u8f83\u624e\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n \u5feb\u901f\u4fee\u590d\uff1a\u4f18\u5148\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7684 DNS \u6295\u6bd2\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/strong><\/h2>\n \u91cd\u542f\u8bbe\u5907\u5e76\u5207\u6362 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h3>\n \u5148\u628a\u57fa\u7840\u64cd\u4f5c\u505a\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u91cd\u542f\u8def\u7531\u5668\u548c\u5149\u732b \/ \u8c03\u5236\u89e3\u8c03\u5668\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u542f\u4f60\u7684\u7535\u8111\u6216\u624b\u673a\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u7406\u5f88\u591a\u4e34\u65f6\u6545\u969c\u3002\u63a5\u7740\u91ca\u653e\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u83b7\u53d6 IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8ba9\u8bbe\u5907\u91cd\u65b0\u5411\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7533\u8bf7\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u82b1\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u5374\u7ecf\u5e38\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n \u5982\u679c\u7f51\u7ad9\u4ecd\u7136\u6253\u4e0d\u5f00\uff0c\u5c31\u66f4\u6362 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u63a8\u8350\u5148\u4f7f\u7528 Google \u7684\u516c\u5171\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\uff1a\u4e3b DNS \u8bbe\u4e3a 8.8.8.8<\/code>\uff0c\u5907 DNS \u8bbe\u4e3a 8.8.4.4<\/code>\u3002\u5404\u5e73\u53f0\u7684 DNS \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5165\u53e3\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n \n Windows 11\uff1a<\/strong>\u6253\u5f00\u201c\u8bbe\u7f6e > \u7f51\u7edc\u548c Internet > \u9ad8\u7ea7\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u7f6e\u201d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5f53\u524d\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u67e5\u770b\u5176\u4ed6\u5c5e\u6027\uff08View additional properties\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u201cDNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5206\u914d\uff08DNS server assignment\uff09\u201d\u5904\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u7f16\u8f91\uff08Edit\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u628a\u201c\u81ea\u52a8\uff08DHCP\uff09\u201d\u6539\u6210\u201c\u624b\u52a8\uff08Manual\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u5f00\u542f IPv4\uff0c\u8f93\u5165 8.8.8.8<\/code> \u548c 8.8.4.4<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n Windows 10\uff1a<\/strong>\u6253\u5f00\u201c\u8bbe\u7f6e > \u7f51\u7edc\u548c Internet > \u66f4\u6539\u9002\u914d\u5668\u9009\u9879\uff08Change adapter options\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u53f3\u952e\u5f53\u524d\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u201c\u5c5e\u6027\u201d\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u201cInternet \u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c 4 (TCP\/IPv4)\u201d\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u5c5e\u6027\u201d\uff0c\u52fe\u9009\u201c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5730\u5740\uff08Use the following DNS server addresses\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u586b\u5165 8.8.8.8<\/code> \u548c 8.8.4.4<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n Mac\uff1a<\/strong>\u6253\u5f00\u201c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u7f6e > \u7f51\u7edc\u201d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9 Wi\u2011Fi \u6216\u6709\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u8be6\u60c5\uff08Details\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u5207\u6362\u5230\u201cDNS\u201d\u9009\u9879\u5361\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u52a0\u53f7\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0 8.8.8.8<\/code>\uff0c\u518d\u6dfb\u52a0 8.8.4.4<\/code>\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u597d \/ \u786e\u5b9a\uff08OK\uff09\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n \u8def\u7531\u5668\uff1a<\/strong>\u767b\u5f55\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51 \/ WAN \/ \u7f51\u7edc\u201d\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u9875\u9762\u627e\u5230 DNS \u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u628a\u201c\u81ea\u52a8\u83b7\u53d6 DNS\u201d\u6539\u4e3a\u201c\u624b\u52a8\u6307\u5b9a\u201d\uff0c\u586b\u5165 8.8.8.8<\/code> \u548c 8.8.4.4<\/code>\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n \u7528 8.8.8.8<\/code> \u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u5904\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u4f60\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8 DNS \u4ee3\u7406\u6216\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6545\u969c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6362\u6210\u516c\u5171 DNS \u540e\u7f51\u7ad9\u80fd\u6253\u5f00\uff0c\u800c\u6362\u56de\u539f\u6765\u7684 DNS \u5c31\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u90a3\u8bf4\u660e\u95ee\u9898\u51fa\u5728\u539f\u6709\u7684\u672c\u5730 DNS \u6216\u8fc7\u6ee4\u670d\u52a1\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u62db\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u6548\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a Google Public DNS \u4f1a\u9a8c\u8bc1 DNSSEC \u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u5bf9\u7b7e\u540d\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u76f4\u63a5\u4e22\u5f03\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u963b\u6b62\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u865a\u5047\u5730\u5740\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u771f\u6b63\u7684 NXDOMAIN\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u6216\u4e2d\u95f4\u4eba\u201c\u52ab\u6301\u201d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u4e2a\u8986\u76d6\u5168\u7403\u7684\u65b0\u9c9c\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n Wilmer van der Gaast \u56de\u987e Dan Kaminsky \u516c\u5e03\u7f13\u5b58\u6295\u6bd2\u6f0f\u6d1e\u65f6\u5c31\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4ec5\u6709 16 \u4f4d\u968f\u673a ID \u8fdc\u8fdc\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u90a3\u4e9b\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u884c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u968f\u673a\u5316\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5bf9\u7f13\u5b58\u6295\u6bd2\u683c\u5916\u654f\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u201c\u53ef\u4fe1\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u6709\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u201d\uff1a\u4e00\u65e6 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u88ab\u6295\u6bd2\u6216\u505a\u4e86\u4e0d\u5f53\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6e90\u6e90\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u63d0\u4f9b\u9519\u8bef\u7b54\u6848\uff1b\u800c\u5207\u6362\u5230\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5668\uff0c\u5219\u80fd\u6062\u590d\u5230\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n \u4f7f\u7528 VPN \u6216\u5b89\u5168 DNS \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e34\u65f6\u7ed5\u8fc7\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n VPN \u6216\u5b89\u5168 DNS\uff08\u6bd4\u5982 DNS-over-HTTPS\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed5\u5f00\u88ab\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u3002DNS-over-HTTPS \u4f1a\u628a\u67e5\u8be2\u5c01\u88c5\u8fdb\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684 HTTPS \u8fde\u63a5\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u8f7b\u6613\u62e6\u622a\u6216\u7be1\u6539\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u6548\u963b\u6b62 DNS \u6ce8\u5165\u548c\u6076\u610f\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u770b\u6210\u201c\u5e94\u6025\u901a\u9053\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u9a6c\u4e0a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u7ad9\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e0d\u540c VPN \u7684\u9632\u62a4\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 ExpressVPN\u3001NordVPN\u3001Surfshark\u3001IPVanish \u548c ProtonVPN \u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e13\u95e8\u7684 DNS \u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u62b5\u6297\u57fa\u4e8e DNS \u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u63a8\u65ad\u653b\u51fb\uff1b\u800c PIA\u3001PrivateVPN\u3001CyberGhost\u3001Windscribe \u7b49\u5728\u90e8\u5206\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u5219\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u957f\u671f\u4f9d\u8d56 VPN \u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u9690\u79c1\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f18\u5148\u9009\u62e9 DNS \u5904\u7406\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u3002<\/p>\n \u6700\u540e\uff0c\u522b\u5fd8\u4e86\u68c0\u67e5\u8def\u7531\u5668\u56fa\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u6700\u65b0\u56fa\u4ef6\u4f1a\u4fee\u8865\u5df2\u77e5\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u53cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0 DNS \u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6982\u7387\u3002\u82b1\u4e00\u5206\u949f\u68c0\u67e5\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u65e5\u540e\u5f88\u591a\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002<\/p>\n \u987d\u56fa\u6545\u969c\u7684\u8fdb\u9636\u4fee\u590d\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n \u6e05\u7a7a DNS \u7f13\u5b58<\/h3>\n \u5982\u679c DNS \u7f13\u5b58\u91cc\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u8bb0\u5f55\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u6e05\u6389\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u66f4\u6362\u4e86 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ecd\u53ef\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u90a3\u6761\u201c\u9648\u65e7\u53c8\u9519\u8bef\u201d\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u5237\u65b0 DNS \u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u5f3a\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u65b0\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728 Windows \u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8eab\u4efd\u6253\u5f00\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\uff08Command Prompt\uff09\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4 ipconfig \/flushdns<\/code>\u3002\u5728 Mac \u4e0a\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u547d\u4ee4\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \u5e73\u53f0 \/ \u7248\u672c<\/th>\n \u547d\u4ee4<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n Windows (10, 8, 7, XP)<\/td>\n ipconfig \/flushdns<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n macOS 10.11+\uff08El Capitan ~ Catalina\uff09<\/td>\n sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n macOS 10.10\uff08Yosemite\uff09<\/td>\n sudo discoveryutil udnsflushcaches<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n macOS 10.6\uff08Snow Leopard\uff09<\/td>\n sudo dscacheutil -flushcache<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Chrome\uff08\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u81ea\u8eab\u7684 DNS \u7f13\u5b58\uff09<\/td>\n \u5728\u5730\u5740\u680f\u6253\u5f00 chrome:\/\/net-internals\/#dns<\/code>\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u201cClear host cache\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n Chrome \u7ef4\u62a4\u7740\u4e00\u5957\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 DNS \u89e3\u6790\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9664\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u7f13\u5b58\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u91cc\u6e05\u7406\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u968f\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Chrome \u7684\u201c\u8bbe\u7f6e > \u91cd\u7f6e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u201d\u4e2d\u91cd\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u5173\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u5728 Windows \u4e0a\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u989d\u5916\u91cd\u542f DNS Client \u670d\u52a1\uff1a\u6253\u5f00\u201c\u670d\u52a1\uff08Services\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u201cDNS Client\u201d\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\uff08Restart\uff09\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5c42\u9762\u6e05\u7a7a DNS \u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u907f\u514d DNS \u6295\u6bd2\u6b8b\u7559\u3002<\/p>\n \u7f16\u8f91 hosts \u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u91cd\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h3>\n hosts \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u9ad8\u4e8e DNS \u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u672c\u673a\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u57df\u540d\u6307\u5411\u6307\u5b9a IP \u5730\u5740\u3002\u7f16\u8f91\u5b83\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e34\u65f6\u628a\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7ad9\u624b\u52a8\u6307\u5411\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668 IP\u3002\u7528\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6743\u9650\u6253\u5f00\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\uff1aWindows \u4e0a\u662f C:\\Windows\\System32\\drivers\\etc\\hosts<\/code>\uff0cMac \u4e0a\u662f \/etc\/hosts<\/code>\u3002\u7136\u540e\u65b0\u589e\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u586b\u5165\u76ee\u6807 IP \u5730\u5740\u3001\u7a7a\u683c\u3001\u57df\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n \u4fee\u6539\u524d\u8bb0\u5f97\u5148\u5907\u4efd hosts \u6587\u4ef6\uff1b\u5f53\u7f51\u7ad9\u6062\u590d\u6b63\u5e38\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f97\u5220\u9664\u8fd9\u6761\u4e34\u65f6\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4ee5\u540e\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n \u5982\u679c\u95ee\u9898\u4ecd\u65e7\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u91cd\u7f6e\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u5728 Windows \u4e0a\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u201c\u8bbe\u7f6e > \u7f51\u7edc\u548c Internet > \u9ad8\u7ea7\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u7f6e > \u7f51\u7edc\u91cd\u7f6e\uff08Network reset\uff09\u201d\uff1b\u5728 Mac \u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u6bd4\u5982 Wi\u2011Fi \u914d\u7f6e\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u6dfb\u52a0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u6e05\u7406\u6b8b\u7559\u7684 DNS \u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u6784\u5efa\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u505a\u5b8c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\u4ecd\u7136\u9891\u7e41\u51fa\u73b0\u201cdns server not responding\uff08DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e0\u54cd\u5e94\uff09\u201d\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5c31\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u95ee\u9898\u51fa\u5728\u66f4\u4e0a\u6e38\u7684 DNS \u6c61\u67d3\u3002<\/p>\n 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