GPT-6 \u8bad\u7ec3\u671f\u95f4\u7684 GPU \u5229\u7528\u7387\u4e0e\u95f2\u7f6e\u8d44\u6e90\u5904\u7406<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u51b3\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u4e0e\u901a\u4fe1\u74f6\u9888\u6765\u63d0\u5347 GPT-6 \u8bad\u7ec3\u671f\u95f4\u7684 GPU \u5229\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u95f2\u7f6e GPU \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ea7\u751f\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.simcentric.com\/sc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34618\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"company\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"GPT-6 \u8bad\u7ec3\u671f\u95f4\u7684 GPU \u5229\u7528\u7387\u4e0e\u95f2\u7f6e\u8d44\u6e90\u5904\u7406\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.simcentric.com\/sc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34618\" 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\u4e00\u4e2a\u62e5\u6709 1,000 \u5757 GPU \u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u5177\u5907\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u5f80\u5f80\u628a\u66f4\u591a\u65f6\u95f4\u82b1\u5728\u201c\u4ea4\u8c08\u201d\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u601d\u8003\u201d\u4e0a\u3002\u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e2d\uff0c\u68af\u5ea6\u540c\u6b65\u5c31\u662f\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u665a\u4e86 10 \u5206\u949f\u624d\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6574\u4e2a\u96c6\u7fa4\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u68af\u5ea6\u540c\u6b65\u4e2d\u7684 all-reduce \u5c31\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u8fd9\u79cd\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u5728\u6734\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\u91cc\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5f20\u91cf\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5404\u81ea\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u6b21 all-reduce\u3002\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u6b21\u5c0f\u578b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u90fd\u8981\u627f\u62c5\u542f\u52a8\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u96c6\u7fa4\u5c31\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u901a\u4fe1\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u964d\u4f4e\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u5f00\u9500\uff1a<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n

\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/th>\n

\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6b65\u6570<\/p>\n<\/th>\n

\u5bf9 GPU \u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/p>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n

Ring All-Reduce<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

2(N-1) \u4e2a\u987a\u5e8f\u6b65\u9aa4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u5728\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u5ef6\u8fdf\u8f83\u9ad8\uff1b\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4\u4f1a\u968f GPU \u6570\u91cf\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Tree All-Reduce<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

2*log2(N) \u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u5ef6\u8fdf\u66f4\u4f4e\uff1b\u4e0e ring all-reduce \u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u5927\u578b\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Tree All-Reduce \u5c06\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6b65\u6570\u4ece\u7ebf\u6027\u964d\u4f4e\u5230\u5bf9\u6570\u7ea7\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u96c6\u7fa4\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u66f4\u5c11\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u540c\u6837\u4f1a\u5077\u8d70\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u6743\u91cd\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u5199\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4e00\u6b21\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u5185\u5b58\u5e26\u5bbd\u5c31\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u9650\u5236\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u50cf\u5927\u578b\u77e9\u9635\u4e58\u6cd5\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u53d7\u9650\u5c42\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u80fd\u8ba9\u4e00\u5757 GPU \u4fdd\u6301\u5fd9\u788c\uff0c\u4f46\u5373\u4fbf\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u4f18\u5316\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d\uff1a\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u7f6a\u9b41\u7978\u9996<\/h3>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f18\u5316\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0e\u901a\u4fe1\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u53ef GPU \u8fd8\u662f\u5904\u4e8e\u95f2\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u5b58\u50a8 I\/O \u91cc\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f1a\u770b\u5230 GPU \u5229\u7528\u7387\u4f4e\u5230 30%\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4f1a\u505c\u4f4f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u786c\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8fd8\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n
LLM \u8bad\u7ec3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4f9d\u8d56\u9ad8\u901f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f9b\u7ed9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u8ddf\u4e0d\u4e0a\uff0c\u96c6\u7fa4\u91cc\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u5757\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u90fd\u53ea\u80fd\u7b49\u5f85\u3002\u89c4\u6a21\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u8d8a\u4e25\u91cd\u3002\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u9884\u53d6\u3002\u7f13\u5b58\u9ad8\u9891\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u3002\u628a\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u653e\u5728\u9ad8\u901f\u672c\u5730 NVMe \u76d8\u4e0a\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u51cf\u5c11\u786c\u4ef6\u7b49\u5f85\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4f18\u5316 AI \u8bad\u7ec3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u6574\u6761\u94fe\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u6700\u5927\u5316 GPU \u5229\u7528\u7387<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5e73\u8861\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u884c\u3001\u5f20\u91cf\u5e76\u884c\u4e0e\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u5e76\u884c<\/h3>\n
\u4f60\u65e0\u6cd5\u53ea\u7528\u5355\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u5757 GPU \u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u628a\u5de5\u4f5c\u62c6\u5206\u5230\u591a\u5757 GPU \u4e0a\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u62c6\u5206\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u901a\u4fe1\u5f00\u9500\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u4e0a\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u6743\u8861\u3002\u9009\u5bf9\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u884c\u4f1a\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u4e0a\u590d\u5236\u5b8c\u6574\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u6279\u6b21\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bad\u7ec3\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7 all-reduce \u4ea4\u6362\u68af\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u9891\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u4f46\u5b83\u8981\u6c42\u5355\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u88c5\u8fdb\u5355\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d85\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5149\u6a21\u578b\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u9650\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f20\u91cf\u5e76\u884c\u5219\u628a\u5355\u5c42\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u5207\u5206\u5230\u591a\u5757 GPU \u4e0a\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u6301\u6709\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f20\u91cf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u5185\u90e8\u53cd\u590d\u4ea4\u6362\u4e2d\u95f4\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7 all-reduce \u5b8c\u6210\u540c\u6b65\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u5f00\u9500\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u8981\u6c42\u4f7f\u7528\u50cf NVLink \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9ad8\u5e26\u5bbd\u4e92\u8fde\u3002\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5f20\u91cf\u5e76\u884c\u5ea6\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7f29\u5c0f\u77e9\u9635\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e3a\u5927\u77e9\u9635\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u5e76\u884c\u4f1a\u628a\u6a21\u578b\u5206\u6210\u82e5\u5e72\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u7531\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fde\u7eed\u5c42\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u67d0\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u7ec4\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u6fc0\u6d3b\u503c\u5728\u9636\u6bb5\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u9891\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u906d\u9047 pipeline bubble\uff08\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u6c14\u6ce1\uff09\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u9636\u6bb5\u95f4\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u67d0\u4e2a\u8f83\u6162\u6216\u5185\u5b58\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f1a\u62d6\u6162\u540e\u7eed\u6240\u6709\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d85\u5927\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u628a\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a 3D \u5e76\u884c\uff0c\u5373\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u884c\u3001\u5f20\u91cf\u5e76\u884c\u548c\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u5e76\u884c\u53e0\u52a0\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u6210\u672c\u6700\u9ad8\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5177\u5907\u62d3\u6251\u611f\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u591a\u6570\u751f\u4ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u91c7\u7528\u6df7\u5408\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f20\u91cf\u5e76\u884c\u5ea6\u4e3a 2\u3001\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u5e76\u884c\u5ea6\u4e3a 2\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u62c6\u5206\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u628a\u901a\u4fe1\u63a7\u5236\u5728\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002\u67d0\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6539\u9020\u7684 ZeRO stage-3 \u53d8\u4f53\uff0c\u5728\u901a\u4fe1\u5f00\u9500\u4e0a\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u4f18\u4e8e\u5f20\u91cf\u5e76\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5fae\u6279\u5904\u7406\u51cf\u5c11\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u6c14\u6ce1<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u5e76\u884c\u4e2d\uff0cpipeline bubble \u662f\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u6c14\u6ce1\u5927\u5c0f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u9636\u6bb5\u6570\u4e0e\u5fae\u6279\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u5176\u4f4e\u6548\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5927\u81f4\u4e0e \\(Nstages – 1\\) \u9664\u4ee5 \\(Nmicrobatches\\) \u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\u3002\u82e5\u6709 8 \u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u300116 \u4e2a\u5fae\u6279\u6b21\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u6c14\u6ce1\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230\u7ea6 44%\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5fae\u6279\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u591f\u964d\u4f4e\u8fd9\u79cd\u6c14\u6ce1\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u6279\u6b21\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u628a\u5b83\u62c6\u6210\u8bb8\u591a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5fae\u6279\u6b21\u3002\u4f60\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5fae\u6279\u6b21\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u9001\u5165\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4fbf\u80fd\u5728\u6240\u6709\u9636\u6bb5\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u3002\u9884\u70ed\u9636\u6bb5\u4f9d\u65e7\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7a33\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u5404\u9636\u6bb5\u90fd\u80fd\u6301\u7eed\u4fdd\u6301\u5fd9\u788c\u3002<\/p>\n
1F1B \u8c03\u5ea6\u6bd4\u65e9\u671f\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e2a\u9884\u70ed\u9636\u6bb5\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a33\u6001\u9636\u6bb5\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u4e2a worker \u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u524d\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u548c\u4e00\u6b21\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u6536\u5c3e\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b8c\u6210\u5269\u4f59\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u3002\u4e0e GPipe \u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5b83\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u66f4\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Zero Bubble\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u628a\u524d\u5411\u4e0e\u53cd\u5411\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u66f4\u5c0f\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u6765\u7ee7\u7eed\u51cf\u5c11\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u4f1a\u4ea4\u9519\u5b89\u6392\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8ba1\u7b97\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u540c\u6b65\u8bad\u7ec3\u4f18\u52bf\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u6c14\u6ce1\u538b\u7f29\u5230\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u96f6\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6700\u5927\u5316 AI \u8bad\u7ec3\u541e\u5410\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u5fae\u6279\u5904\u7406\u4e5f\u6709\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002\u8981\u51cf\u5c11\u6c14\u6ce1\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u8db3\u591f\u591a\u7684\u5fae\u6279\u6b21\u3002\u8fd9\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u8feb\u4f7f\u4f60\u91c7\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u5168\u5c40 batch size\u3002\u8fc7\u5927\u7684 batch size \u53ef\u80fd\u635f\u5bb3\u6536\u655b\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u628a\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u5e76\u884c\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u884c\u7ed3\u5408\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u5355\u8bbe\u5907 batch size \u88ab\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u644a\u8584\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u4e0e\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u8d28\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u53d6\u5f97\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e 8 \u4e2a\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u6548\u7387\u53ef\u8fbe 87.5%\u3002\u4f46\u73b0\u5b9e\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230 60% \u5230 75%\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u5fae\u6279\u5904\u7406\u989d\u5916\u5f00\u9500\u548c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0d\u5747\u8861\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5927\u89c4\u6a21 LLM \u8bad\u7ec3\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f18\u5316\u8bad\u7ec3\u5faa\u73af\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347 GPU \u5229\u7528\u7387<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5229\u7528\u6df7\u5408\u7cbe\u5ea6\u4e0e\u68af\u5ea6\u7d2f\u79ef<\/h3>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ece FP32 \u5207\u6362\u5230 BF16 \u6765\u63d0\u5347\u541e\u5410\u3002\u4e0b\u8868\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5dee\u5f02\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
\u6307\u6807<\/p>\n<\/th>\n
\n
FP32<\/p>\n<\/th>\n
\n
BF16\uff08\u6df7\u5408\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff09<\/p>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
A100 Tensor Core \u541e\u5410<\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u8f83\u4f4e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u7ea6 312 TFLOPS<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528<\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
32 \u4f4d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
16 \u4f4d\uff08\u51cf\u5c11 50%\uff09<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
\u52a8\u6001\u8303\u56f4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u4e0e FP32 \u76f8\u540c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u4e0e FP32 \u76f8\u540c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981 loss scaling<\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u4e0d\u9700\u8981<\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u4e0d\u9700\u8981<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
BF16 \u4e3a\u6307\u6570\u5206\u914d 8 \u4f4d\u3001\u4e3a\u5c3e\u6570\u5206\u914d 7 \u4f4d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u62e5\u6709\u4e0e FP32 \u76f8\u540c\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6307\u6570\u4f4d\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8303\u56f4\u4e0e FP32 \u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4f60\u5c31\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u4e0b\u6ea2\u548c\u4e0a\u6ea2\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 loss scaling\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u51cf\u5c11 50% \u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u5927\u7684 batch size\u3002\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f53\u79ef\u4e5f\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\u4f20\u8f93\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e26\u6765\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n
\u68af\u5ea6\u7d2f\u79ef\u80fd\u8ba9\u4f60\u5728\u4e0d\u589e\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u5185\u5b58\u6210\u672c\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u66f4\u5927\u7684 batch size\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u6279\u5904\u7406\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e2d\u95f4\u6fc0\u6d3b\u503c\u3002\u68af\u5ea6\u7d2f\u79ef\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4f60\u7528\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684 micro-batch \u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f60\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b micro-batch \u4e4b\u95f4\u7d2f\u52a0\u68af\u5ea6\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u7d2f\u79ef\u5230\u8db3\u591f\u591a\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u66f4\u65b0\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u6709\u6548 batch size \u7b49\u4e8e micro-batch size \u4e58\u4ee5 gradient steps \u518d\u4e58\u4ee5 device count\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6280\u5de7\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u884c\u914d\u5408\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u7d2f\u79ef\u68af\u5ea6\u3002\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u4e0e\u8de8\u591a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u884c\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5e73\u6ed1\u8ba1\u7b97\u5cf0\u503c\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9 GPU \u5229\u7528\u7387\u7ef4\u6301\u5728\u8f83\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7cbe\u7b80\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0e\u9884\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n
\u4f60\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u5b8c\u6210\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5feb\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u7cbe\u7b80\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u9884\u53d6\u548c\u5feb\u901f\u672c\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u628a\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cd\u53e0\u8d77\u6765\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u505c\u987f\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5728 LLM \u8bad\u7ec3\u671f\u95f4\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u6548\u8fd0\u8f6c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u8bca\u65ad\u95f2\u7f6e GPU<\/h2>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u63a7\u8bc6\u522b\u95f2\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001<\/h3>\n
\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u770b\u6e05\u6bcf\u4e00\u79d2\u949f\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u7a76\u7adf\u5728\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u7528\u7684 GPU \u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u8ddf\u8e2a SM \u6d3b\u8dc3\u5ea6\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u5e26\u5bbd\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3002\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684 SM \u6d3b\u8dc3\u5ea6\u8bf4\u660e GPU \u6b63\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n
\u76d1\u63a7\u201c\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a warp \u5904\u4e8e\u6d3b\u8dc3\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5360\u6bd4\u201d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u4f4e\u4e8e 0.5\uff0c\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\u5229\u7528\u6548\u679c\u4e0d\u4f73\u3002\u82e5\u6570\u503c\u975e\u5e38\u4f4e\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a SM \u5728\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u90fd\u5904\u4e8e\u7a7a\u95f2\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u5e26\u5bbd\u5229\u7528\u7387\u5219\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5185\u5b58\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u5728\u79ef\u6781\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u6570\u503c\u4e5f\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u4f60\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u662f\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u95f2\u7f6e\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ca\u5176\u6839\u56e0<\/h3>\n
\u4f60\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u51e0\u79cd\u53cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u95f2\u7f6e\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u540c\u6b65\u5c4f\u969c\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u6700\u660e\u663e\u7684\u505c\u987f\u3002\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5b8c\u6210\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8f83\u665a\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u7b49\u5f85\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f1a\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u540c\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u5468\u671f\u6027\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\u5ea6\u4e0b\u8dcc\u3002<\/p>\n
Pipeline bubble \u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6301\u7eed\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5143\u51f6\u3002\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u5e76\u884c\u5929\u751f\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u8fd9\u79cd\u7a7a\u95f2\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5fae\u6279\u6b21\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u7a7f\u8fc7\u5404\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u5fc5\u987b\u6392\u7a7a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u624d\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u5165\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b GPU \u4f1a\u6682\u65f6\u7a7a\u7f6e\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u663e\u8457\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n
I\/O \u74f6\u9888\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u95f2\u7f6e\u3002\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u95f4\u4e2d\u591a\u8fbe 70% \u53ef\u80fd\u82b1\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4 GPU \u5904\u4e8e\u7a7a\u95f2\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8bc6\u522b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u6307\u7eb9\u201d\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4f60\u7cbe\u51c6\u9501\u5b9a\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u4f60\u7684 LLM \u8bad\u7ec3\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5224\u65ad\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4f60\u624d\u80fd\u5bf9\u75c7\u4e0b\u836f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u5ea6\u5904\u7406\u95f2\u7f6e GPU<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u4f60\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ec5\u9760\u4f18\u5316\u5c31\u6d88\u9664\u6240\u6709\u7a7a\u95f2\u5468\u671f\u3002\u540c\u6b65\u5c4f\u969c\u3001\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u6c14\u6ce1\u548c\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u603b\u4f1a\u7559\u4e0b\u7a7a\u6863\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a7a\u6863\u3002\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u5ea6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u628a\u96c6\u7fa4\u89c6\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4f5c\u4e1a\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u65f6\u53ef\u7528\u8d44\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u4f38\u7f29\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f39\u6027\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e0e\u62a2\u5360<\/h3>\n
\u5f39\u6027\u8bad\u7ec3\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u4f5c\u4e1a\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u518d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684 worker \u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u548c\u6700\u5927\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u3002TorchElastic \u662f PyTorch \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u8ba9\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d8\u5f97\u5207\u5b9e\u53ef\u884c\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e `minReplicas<\/code> \u548c maxReplicas<\/code>\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6269\u7f29 worker\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4e2d\u65ad\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002<\/p>\n`
\u8fd9\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u4f1a\u628a\u63a7\u5236\u5e73\u9762\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0e worker \u8282\u70b9\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u4f60\u628a TorchElastic controller \u548c Rendezvous server \u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u4e0d\u53ef\u62a2\u5360\u7684 CPU \u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u6301\u53ef\u7528\u3002worker \u5219\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 GPU spot instance \u4e0a\u3002\u6210\u672c\u8282\u7701\u5c31\u6765\u81ea\u8fd9\u79cd\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a spot \u8282\u70b9\u88ab\u9a71\u9010\u65f6\uff0cTorchElastic \u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6574\u4e2a\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u6d3b\u8dc3 worker \u6570\u91cf\u8dcc\u7834 minReplicas<\/code> \u65f6\uff0ccontroller \u624d\u4f1a\u5224\u5b9a\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u8c03\u5ea6\u4e22\u5931\u7684 pods\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u6b21 checkpoint \u6062\u590d\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u80fd\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u5904\u7406\u62a2\u5360\u3002\u5931\u53bb\u4e00\u4e2a worker \u53d8\u5f97\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u4f60\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4f5c\u4e1a\u72b6\u6001\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u4e91\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0a\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u65e0\u7f1d\u6062\u590d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u95f2\u7f6e\u7684 GPU \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5c31\u88ab\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u4e86\u53ef\u4ea7\u751f\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u5468\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7f29\u5bb9\u4e0e\u6682\u505c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53d6\u820d\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\u3002\u7f29\u5bb9\u4f1a\u91ca\u653e GPU \u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u4f5c\u4e1a\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u6682\u505c\u5219\u4f1a\u4fdd\u7559\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u4f46\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u5904\u4e8e\u7a7a\u95f2\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b58\u5728\u7ade\u4e89\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7f29\u5bb9\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u786c\u4ef6\u91ca\u653e\u7ed9\u66f4\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u6682\u505c\u53ea\u9002\u5408\u5f88\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u7a7a\u6863\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6682\u505c\u65f6\u95f4\u8f83\u957f\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6d6a\u8d39\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u9009\u62e9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e LLM \u8bad\u7ec3\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5728\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\u7f29\u5bb9\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u66f4\u4f18\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4f60\u65e2\u80fd\u628a\u786c\u4ef6\u56de\u6536\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u52a1\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53c8\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u518d\u6b21\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
Kubernetes \u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d<\/h3>\nKubernetes \u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u52a8\u6001\u884c\u4e3a\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u96c6\u7fa4\u3002NVIDIA GPU Operator \u8d1f\u8d23\u90e8\u7f72\u6240\u9700\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002GPU Device Plugin \u4ee5 DaemonSet \u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a GPU \u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u3002\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u63d2\u4ef6\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528 NVIDIA Management Library\uff08NVML\uff09\u67e5\u8be2\u53ef\u7528 GPU\u3002\u5b83\u4f1a\u83b7\u53d6\u663e\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cf\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e92\u8fde\u62d3\u6251\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u63d2\u4ef6\u901a\u8fc7 nvidia.com\/gpu<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u540d\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b GPU \u6ce8\u518c\u7ed9 kubelet\u3002Pods \u4fbf\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u51c6\u8d44\u6e90\u58f0\u660e\u6765\u7533\u8bf7 GPU\u3002<\/p>\n \u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab GPU\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4e0b\u8868\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6743\u8861\uff1a<\/p>\n \n\n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\u65b9\u6848<\/p>\n<\/th>\n \n\u9694\u79bb\u6027<\/p>\n<\/th>\n \n\u7075\u6d3b\u6027<\/p>\n<\/th>\n \n\u6700\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/p>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n \nMIG<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \n\u5f3a\uff08\u786c\u4ef6\u7ea7\uff09<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \n\u9759\u6001\uff08\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff09<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \n\u63a8\u7406\u3001\u591a\u79df\u6237<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nTime Slicing<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \n\u5f31\uff08\u65e0\u663e\u5b58\u9694\u79bb\uff09<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \n\u52a8\u6001\uff08\u65e0\u9700\u9884\u5148\u5206\u533a\uff09<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \nNotebook\u3001\u6279\u5904\u7406\u4f5c\u4e1a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nCustom Scheduler<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \n\u8f6f\u9694\u79bb\uff08\u57fa\u4e8e\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\uff09<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \n\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \n\u53d7\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n Time slicing \u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55 NVIDIA GPU \u4e0a\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u8d77\u6b65\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u663e\u5b58\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u6545\u969c\u9694\u79bb\u3002MIG \u63d0\u4f9b\u786c\u4ef6\u7ea7\u9694\u79bb\u548c\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u4f9d\u8d56\u9759\u6001\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e MIG profile \u5728\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4e0a\u8f83\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u7f6e GPU\u3002Custom scheduler \u62e5\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8fd0\u7ef4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u8eab\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u505a\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n \u5177\u5907 GPU \u611f\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u95f2\u7f6e\u8d44\u6e90\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6709\u6548\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u8ba9\u591a\u4e2a pods \u5171\u4eab\u5176 GPU \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u67d0\u4e2a pod \u5728\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u6c14\u6ce1\u671f\u95f4\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5c31\u7b49\u4e8e\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u672c\u6765\u4f1a\u767d\u767d\u6d41\u5931\u7684\u7b97\u529b\u5468\u671f\u3002NVIDIA GPU Operator \u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u6240\u6709 GPU \u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u4e0e\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u3002\u5b83\u4f1a\u90e8\u7f72\u9a71\u52a8\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u63d2\u4ef6\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u3002GPU Feature Discovery \u7ec4\u4ef6\u4f1a\u626b\u63cf\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u7684 GPU \u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u663e\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0e CUDA capability \u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4f9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002MIG Manager \u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u628a\u786c\u4ef6\u5207\u5206\u4e3a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4e0d\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4e00\u5757\u7269\u7406 GPU \u5c31\u80fd\u88ab\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5171\u4eab\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6700\u5927\u5316 GPU \u5229\u7528\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n LLM \u8bad\u7ec3\u4f5c\u4e1a\u4fdd\u7559\u5176\u5df2\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002\u8f85\u52a9\u4efb\u52a1\u5219\u53bb\u586b\u8865\u7a7a\u9699\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f2\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u6b21\u4ea7\u51fa\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n \u5c06\u95f2\u7f6e GPU \u91cd\u65b0\u7528\u4e8e\u8f85\u52a9\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/strong><\/h2>\n\u5728\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u6c14\u6ce1\u671f\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u63a8\u6d4b\u5f0f\u63a8\u7406<\/h3>\nPipeline bubble \u4f1a\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u8ba1\u5212\u4e2d\u5236\u9020\u51fa\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u7a7a\u6863\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b GPU \u7a7a\u95f2\u7a97\u53e3\u4f1a\u89c4\u5f8b\u6027\u5730\u53cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u6765\u505a\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u63a8\u6d4b\u5f0f\u63a8\u7406\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u4f1a\u8ba9\u8349\u7a3f\u6a21\u578b\u5148\u4e8e\u4e3b\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6a21\u578b\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u8349\u7a3f\u6a21\u578b\u63d0\u524d\u751f\u6210 token \u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u4e3b\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u591a\u4e2a token\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u80fd\u5728\u4e0d\u727a\u7272\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u63a8\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n SpecInF \u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u8def\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9645\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u6c14\u6ce1\u671f\u95f4\u8c03\u5ea6\u63a8\u6d4b\u5f0f\u63a8\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u8bad\u7ec3\u4f5c\u4e1a\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6709\u6700\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002\u63a8\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ea\u5728\u7a7a\u6863\u4e2d\u586b\u5145\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u6d6a\u8d39\u6389\u7684\u5468\u671f\u5c31\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u4e86\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u4f60\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u989d\u5916\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u541e\u5410\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5ef6\u957f\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u95f4\u7ebf\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u8c03\u5ea6\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u8ba9\u63a8\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c14\u6ce1\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u957f\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u3002\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u6c14\u6ce1\u9002\u5408\u5c0f\u578b\u8349\u7a3f\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u7a7a\u6863\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb3\u66f4\u91cd\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u9694\u79bb\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\u8f85\u52a9\u4efb\u52a1<\/h3>\n\u9664\u4e86\u63a8\u7406\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u6bb5\u8fd0\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u6d88\u8017\u5927\u91cf CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u6682\u505c\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u628a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5de5\u4f5c\u5378\u8f7d\u5230 GPU \u4e0a\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4efb\u52a1\u4e5f\u5f88\u9002\u5408\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662f\u7a81\u53d1\u5f0f\u7b97\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u5360\u7528\u3002\u5bf9\u66f4\u5c0f\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u9762\u5411\u4e0b\u6e38\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u884c\u9009\u9879\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u8f85\u52a9\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684 LLM \u751f\u6001\u589e\u52a0\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728\u5171\u4eab\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u8d44\u6e90\u9694\u79bb\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f60\u7edd\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba9\u8f85\u52a9\u4efb\u52a1\u62d6\u6162\u4e3b\u8bad\u7ec3\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002\u786c\u4ef6\u5206\u533a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 NVIDIA Multi-Instance GPU\uff08MIG\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4e00\u5757\u7269\u7406 GPU \u5212\u5206\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u90fd\u62e5\u6709\u4e13\u5c5e\u7684\u663e\u5b58\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5207\u7247\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u786c\u4ef6\u7ea7\u9694\u79bb\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u4e92\u76f8\u5e72\u6270\u3002Time slicing \u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u901a\u8fc7\u5feb\u901f\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u6765\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u5757 GPU\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55 NVIDIA \u786c\u4ef6\u4e0a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u9694\u79bb\u80fd\u529b\u5f31\u4e8e MIG\u3002<\/p>\n \u4f60\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7279\u5f81\u3002MIG \u9002\u5408\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u6709\u4e25\u683c\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u3002Time slicing \u66f4\u9002\u5408\u63a2\u7d22\u6027\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f60\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u5b89\u5168\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u4e0d\u53d7\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u9700\u8981 MIG \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u66f4\u5f3a\u9694\u79bb\u3002\u53d7\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u4efb\u52a1\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u4f7f\u7528 Time slicing\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e00\u5757 GPU 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