MMU \u4e0e\u591a\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u7684\u67b6\u6784<\/h3>\n

\u73b0\u4ee3\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u6765\u9694\u79bb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u786c\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u9875\u8868\u6267\u884c\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3 x86-64 \u786c\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5b8c\u6210\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a<\/p>\n

\n
1. \u57fa\u5740\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6<\/strong>\uff1aCPU \u4ece\u63a7\u5236\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668 %cr3<\/code> \u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u9876\u5c42 PML4 \u8868\u7684\u7269\u7406\u57fa\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n
2. \u7d22\u5f15\u62c6\u5206<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a 48 \u4f4d\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u4f1a\u88ab\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 9 \u4f4d\u9875\u8868\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a 12 \u4f4d\u9875\u5185\u504f\u79fb\u3002<\/li>\n
3. \u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386<\/strong>\uff1a\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15 I1<\/code> \u8bbf\u95ee\u521d\u59cb\u9875\u8868\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6821\u9a8c\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c42\u9875\u8868\u7684\u7269\u7406\u57fa\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n
4. \u5c42\u7ea7\u67e5\u627e<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e00\u67e5\u627e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f1a\u9010\u5c42\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u9875\u8868\u9879\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

   \u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u4e0e\u7f13\u5b58\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e2d\u7684 CPU \u5ef6\u8fdf<\/h3>\n

   \u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u5355\u5143\uff08MMU\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u4e13\u7528\u786c\u4ef6\u7f13\u5b58\u6765\u52a0\u901f\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u8f6c\u6362\u540e\u5907\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff08TLB\uff09\u4f1a\u7f13\u5b58\u8fd1\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u67e5\u627e\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

   \n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

   \u8f6c\u6362\u9636\u6bb5<\/th>\n	TLB \u547d\u4e2d\u8def\u5f84<\/th>\n	TLB \u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u8def\u5f84<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
   \u521d\u59cb\u67e5\u627e<\/strong><\/td>\n	\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6 TLB \u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6761\u76ee\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/td>\n	\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u672a\u80fd\u5728\u8be5\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u547d\u4e2d\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
   \u786c\u4ef6\u52a8\u4f5c<\/strong><\/td>\n	\u7acb\u5373\u63d0\u53d6\u76ee\u6807\u7269\u7406\u9875\u5e27\u53f7\uff08PFN\uff09\u3002<\/td>\n	\u786c\u4ef6\u9875\u8868\u904d\u5386\u5668\u542f\u52a8 4 \u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u67e5\u627e\uff08PML4 \u2192 PDPT \u2192 PD \u2192 PT\uff09\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
   \u5ef6\u8fdf \/ \u6210\u672c<\/strong><\/td>\n	1\u20132 \u4e2a\u65f6\u949f\u5468\u671f\uff08<\/s>1 \u7eb3\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/td>\n	\u904d\u5386\u9875\u8868\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ea6\u9700 ~10\u201320 \u4e2a\u65f6\u949f\u5468\u671f\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
   \u6700\u7ec8\u5b8c\u6210<\/strong><\/td>\n	\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u76ee\u6807\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/td>\n	\u5c06\u89e3\u6790\u51fa\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5199\u56de TLB \u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u5e76\u5b8c\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n TLB \u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u4f1a\u8feb\u4f7f\u786c\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u9875\u8868\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f1a\u4e3a\u64cd\u4f5c\u989d\u5916\u589e\u52a0\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n \u9875\u8868\u8db3\u8ff9\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u6c61\u67d3\u98ce\u9669<\/h3>\n \u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u66f4\u52a0\u5e9e\u6742\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u5c42\u7ea7\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e94\u7528\u4f1a\u5728\u6570 GB \u4e43\u81f3\u66f4\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u5206\u914d\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u9875\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9875\u9762\u9700\u8981\u53ef\u89c2\u7684\u9875\u8868\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u67b6\u6784\u4f1a\u5c06\u5927\u91cf\u9875\u8868\u6570\u636e\u88c5\u5165 CPU \u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n \u9875\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u4f1a\u628a\u5e94\u7528\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u9ad8\u901f\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u6324\u51fa\u3002CPU \u968f\u540e\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4ece\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u91cd\u65b0\u53d6\u56de\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u505c\u987f\u3002\u9ad8\u9891\u7387\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fd8\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0 DRAM \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7684\u961f\u5217\u6df1\u5ea6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5206\u6563\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7ed3\u6784\u4f1a\u6076\u5316\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u94fe\u8def\uff0c\u5e76\u5e72\u6270\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u9700\u8981\u4f18\u5316\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e2d\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u7ea7\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u74f6\u9888<\/strong><\/h2>\n \u73b0\u4ee3\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u8981\u6d77\u91cf\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5f80\u5f80\u96be\u4ee5\u53ca\u65f6\u8ddf\u4e0a\u3002\u968f\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c4\u6a21\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u673a\u5236\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u7d2f\u79ef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u67b6\u6784\u6027\u9650\u5236\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u5f62\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n TLB \u6296\u52a8\u4e0e\u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u60e9\u7f5a\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6210\u672c<\/h3>\n \u5f53\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u89c4\u6a21\u8d85\u51fa CPU \u786c\u4ef6\u627f\u8f7d\u8303\u56f4\u65f6\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u541e\u5410\u80fd\u529b\u4f1a\u660e\u663e\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u5f00\u9500\u4f1a\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u5185\u5b58\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8fc5\u901f\u7d2f\u79ef\u3002<\/p>\n \n TLB \u5bb9\u91cf\u8017\u5c3d<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u5185\u5b58\u5de5\u4f5c\u96c6\u8d85\u8fc7 TLB \u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u4f1a\u9891\u7e41\u51fa\u73b0 TLB \u7f13\u5b58\u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n \u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u5f00\u9500<\/strong>\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21 TLB \u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u90fd\u4f1a\u8feb\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6267\u884c\u9ad8\u6210\u672c\u7684\u9875\u8868\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6cbf\u7740\u6574\u68f5\u5730\u5740\u6811\u5c06\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n \u541e\u5410\u9000\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9875\u9762\u6301\u7eed\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0e\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u5e26\u6765\u663e\u8457\u7684 IOMMU \u548c\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u62d6\u6162\u6574\u4f53\u5185\u5b58\u541e\u5410\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n \u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u673a\u5236\u8feb\u4f7f\u786c\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u591a\u5c42\u9875\u8868\u904d\u5386\u3002\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5728\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u4e0a\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u786c\u4ef6\u4f1a\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u627e\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u62c9\u9ad8 CPU \u5468\u671f\u5185\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u5728\u91cd\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0b\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u8f6c\u6362\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u6761\u76ee\u4f1a\u9891\u7e41\u6dd8\u6c70\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f6c\u6362\u60e9\u7f5a\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u6b63\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u5f62\u6210\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n \u9875\u9519\u8bef\u4e0e\u5206\u914d\u505c\u987f\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u9500<\/h3>\n \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u901a\u8fc7\u590d\u6742\u7684\u540e\u53f0\u673a\u5236\u7ba1\u7406\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u573a\u666f\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u5728\u5185\u6838\u6267\u884c\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u89e6\u53d1\u610f\u6599\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u505c\u987f\u3002<\/p>\n \n \u81ea\u52a8 NUMA \u5e73\u8861\u9875\u9519\u8bef<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bf8\u5982 migrate_misplaced_page<\/code> \u7684\u673a\u5236\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u989d\u5916\u7684\u9875\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u8fc1\u79fb\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0b\u5f15\u5165\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6ce2\u52a8\u3002<\/li>\n THP \u5206\u914d\u505c\u987f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u9ad8\u5185\u5b58\u6296\u52a8\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u5c06\u900f\u660e\u5927\u9875\uff08THP\uff09\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a always<\/code>\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u6838\u4e3a\u6267\u884c\u5185\u5b58\u538b\u7f29\u800c\u963b\u585e\u5206\u914d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u957f\u8fbe 50\u2013100 ms\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u6076\u5316 p99 \u5c3e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5e76\u7a81\u7834\u5ef6\u8fdf SLO \u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n \u5f53\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\u9875\u8868\u65f6\u7ade\u4e89\u5185\u6838\u9501\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u4f1a\u660e\u663e\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u5e76\u53d1\u8c03\u7528\u5206\u914d\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u9501\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n \n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n \u9501\u7ade\u4e89\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\n \u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/th>\n \u539f\u56e0 \/ \u89e6\u53d1\u6761\u4ef6<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n \u8bfb\u5199\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u7ade\u4e89<\/td>\n \u5168\u5c40 mmap_lock<\/code>\uff08mmap_sem<\/code>\uff09<\/td>\n \u91cd\u8d1f\u8f7d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9891\u7e41\u6267\u884c\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \u6bcf\u4e2a VMA \u7684\u9501\u7ade\u4e89<\/td>\n VMA \u9501<\/td>\n \u5e76\u53d1 malloc()<\/code> \u8c03\u7528\u89e6\u53d1 mmap()<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u5185\u6838\u9700\u8981\u5408\u5e76\u76f8\u90bb VMA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \u7f13\u5b58\u884c\u7ade\u4e89<\/td>\n VMA \u9501<\/td>\n \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u9ad8\u9891\u7387\u9875\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u642c\u8fd0\u6570\u636e\u5757\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5374\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u9501\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9ad8\u901f\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f46\u9501\u83b7\u53d6\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4f1a\u8ba9\u5904\u7406\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9677\u5165\u505c\u6ede\u3002<\/p>\n \u5927\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u9875\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u5f00\u9500<\/h3>\n \u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u9875\u6765\u9ad8\u6548\u8bbf\u95ee\u78c1\u76d8\u6570\u636e\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u8d85\u5927\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6620\u5c04\u9875\u3002Linux \u5185\u6838\u901a\u8fc7\u540e\u53f0\u5185\u5b58\u538b\u7f29\u673a\u5236\u6765\u7ef4\u62a4\u5927\u5757\u8fde\u7eed\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u660e\u786e\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6743\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n \n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \u673a\u5236 \/ \u89e6\u53d1\u6761\u4ef6<\/th>\n \u6027\u80fd\u6743\u8861\u4e0e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5f71\u54cd<\/th>\n \u7ec6\u8282\u4e0e\u7f13\u89e3\u65b9\u5f0f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n \u76f4\u63a5\u5185\u5b58\u538b\u7f29 \/ \u56de\u6536<\/strong><\/td>\n \u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5c16\u5cf0\uff08\u6700\u9ad8\u53ef\u8fbe\u6570\u79d2\uff09<\/td>\n \u5f53\u7f3a\u5c11\u8fde\u7eed\u7684 2 MB \u5185\u5b58\u5757\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\uff1bLinux 4.6+ \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 \u201cdefer\u201d \u56de\u9000\u5230\u666e\u901a\u9875\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n khugepaged<\/code> \u540e\u53f0\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/strong><\/td>\n \u5728\u788e\u7247\u6574\u7406\u4e0e\u9875\u9762\u5408\u5e76\u671f\u95f4\u51fa\u73b0\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5c16\u5cf0<\/td>\n \u8be5\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u626b\u63cf\u4e0e\u5408\u5e76\u9875\u9762\u65f6\u4f1a\u9501\u4f4f\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u505c\u987f\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \u5927\u9875\u62c6\u5206<\/strong><\/td>\n \u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u5e76\u52a0\u5267\u5185\u5b58\u788e\u7247\u5316<\/td>\n \u5f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5982 swap\uff09\u8981\u6c42\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u9875\u5927\u5c0f\u800c\u975e 2 MB \u5757\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \u5185\u90e8\u5185\u5b58\u788e\u7247<\/strong><\/td>\n \u589e\u52a0\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u53ea\u7528 1 \u5b57\u8282\u5374\u5360 2 MB\uff09<\/td>\n \u56e0\u4e3a\u5185\u5b58\u4ee5\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684 2 MB \u5757\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n \u5728\u7ef4\u62a4\u5927\u9875\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u540e\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f1a\u5e72\u6270\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n \n \u538b\u7f29\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5c16\u5cf0<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u7f3a\u5c11\u8fde\u7eed 2 MB \u5185\u5b58\u5757\u5e76\u9700\u8981\u6309\u9700\u538b\u7f29\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6296\u52a8\u3002<\/li>\n \u5185\u90e8\u788e\u7247<\/strong>\uff1a\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u5206\u914d\u4e0e\u91ca\u653e\u64cd\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5927\u9875\u8fb9\u754c\u4e4b\u5185\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u5185\u90e8\u788e\u7247\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n CPU \u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5199\u5165\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u3002\u5f53\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u628a\u5927\u9875\u91cd\u65b0\u62c6\u56de\u57fa\u7840\u9875\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u9a71\u52a8\u4f1a\u5206\u914d\u6807\u51c6\u9875\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6 I\/O \u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6301\u7eed\u62c6\u5206\u4f1a\u5728\u957f\u671f\u8fd0\u884c\u540e\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u5267\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u788e\u7247\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n \u9ad8\u541e\u5410 I\/O \u4e2d\u8de8\u9875\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h3>\n \u5728\u9ad8\u901f\u5ea6 I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d3b\u8dc3\u4f20\u8f93\u7ecf\u5e38\u8de8\u8d8a\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u786c\u4ef6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e34\u65f6\u5b58\u653e\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u7f51\u7edc\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5219\u6267\u884c DMA\u3002\u82e5\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u8de8\u8d8a\u672a\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u9875\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u5185\u5b58\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u4e00\u6b21\u903b\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\u62c6\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u7269\u7406\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n \u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u4f1a\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u5165\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5904\u7406\u5355\u5143\u4f1a\u5728\u6620\u5c04\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u672a\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u8303\u56f4\u4f1a\u8feb\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6267\u884c\u53cc\u7f13\u51b2\u6216\u5206\u88c2\u603b\u7ebf\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u8de8\u8d8a\u8fb9\u754c\u7ebf\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u65f6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u62d6\u6162\u3002\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u5c42\u7ea7\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u786c\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u5355\u5143\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u505c\u987f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u6574\u4f53\u6267\u884c\u541e\u5410\u3002<\/p>\n \u9ad8\u7ea7\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u7b56\u7565\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n \u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u4f1a\u91c7\u7528\u4e13\u95e8\u6280\u672f\u6765\u964d\u4f4e\u5e95\u5c42\u6267\u884c\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u786c\u4ef6\u62bd\u8c61\u4f9d\u8d56\u5386\u53f2\u9057\u7559\u7684\u591a\u9875\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u65b9\u6848\u4f1a\u628a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u62c6\u6210\u79bb\u6563\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5206\u914d\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u67e5\u627e\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u53cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u591a\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u904d\u5386\u3002\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u5219\u901a\u8fc7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u548c\u8fde\u7eed\u786c\u4ef6\u6bb5\u6765\u6d88\u9664\u8fd9\u5c42\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7a0e\u8d1f\u3002<\/p>\n \u76f4\u63a5\u6bb5\u6620\u5c04\u4e0e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4e49\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04<\/h3>\n \u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u6bb5\u6620\u5c04\u4f1a\u5c06\u5927\u5757\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u76f4\u63a5\u767b\u8bb0\u5230\u5904\u7406\u5355\u5143\u4e2d\u3002\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4e49\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\uff08SDAM\uff09\u5219\u5f7b\u5e95\u7ed5\u8fc7\u4f20\u7edf\u9875\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u5c42\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u52a0\u901f\u5361\u5e38\u7528\u76f4\u63a5\u6bb5\u914d\u7f6e\u6765\u7cbe\u7b80\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n \u76f4\u63a5\u6bb5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6241\u5e73\u7684\u57fa\u5740\u52a0\u8fb9\u754c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u53d6\u4ee3\u6df1\u5c42\u9875\u8868\u6811\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u52a0\u901f\u786c\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n SDAM \u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u5904\u7406\u8d1f\u8f7d\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b9a\u5236\u6620\u5c04\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7528\u76f4\u63a5\u7d22\u5f15\u8ba1\u7b97\u6765\u66ff\u4ee3\u786c\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u9875\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6539\u9020\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u91cd\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0b\u6d88\u9664 TLB \u6296\u52a8\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u5355\u5468\u671f\u504f\u79fb\u8fd0\u7b97\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u3002<\/p>\n \u901a\u8fc7\u663e\u5f0f HugePages \u4f18\u5316\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04<\/h3>\n \u5927\u5185\u5b58\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u7559\u8fde\u7eed\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u3002Linux \u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u52a8\u6001\u900f\u660e\u5927\u9875\uff08THP\uff09\u548c\u9759\u6001 HugeTLB \u9884\u7559\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u5e08\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u65b9\u6848\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6743\u8861\u4e8c\u8005\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u53d6\u820d\u3002<\/p>\n \n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \u7279\u6027 \/ \u7ef4\u5ea6<\/th>\n \u9759\u6001 HugePages\uff082MB \/ 1GB\uff09<\/th>\n \u52a8\u6001\u900f\u660e\u5927\u9875\uff08THP\uff09<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n \u5206\u914d\u65f6\u673a<\/strong><\/td>\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u9884\u5206\u914d<\/td>\n \u7531\u5185\u6838\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6309\u9700\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \u6027\u80fd\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/strong><\/td>\n \u5bf9\u5173\u952e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b<\/td>\n \u4f1a\u53d7\u5206\u914d\u5f00\u9500\u5f71\u54cd\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u6ce2\u52a8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \u4ea4\u6362\u4e0e\u8d85\u91cf\u627f\u8bfa<\/strong><\/td>\n \u9884\u7559\u4e8e RAM \u4e2d\uff1b\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u91cf\u627f\u8bfa<\/td>\n \u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u5e76\u53d7\u5185\u5b58 overcommit \u673a\u5236\u5f71\u54cd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \u7ba1\u7406\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/strong><\/td>\n \u9700\u8981\u524d\u671f\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u903b\u8f91<\/td>\n \u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u9875\u9762\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u7ba1\u7406\u6210\u672c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n \u5728\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0b\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5c06 THP \u81ea\u52a8\u5408\u5e76\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u65e0\u9501\u6c60\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u63a5\u8fd1\u9759\u6001\u9884\u7559\u7684\u5927\u5e45 TLB \u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u4e0b\u964d\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5728\u4f4e\u788e\u7247\u7684\u5355\u8def\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0cTHP \u652f\u6301\u7684\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u5f0f\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u5f3a\u5236\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\u5458\u624b\u52a8\u9884\u7559 1GB \u5de8\u9875\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u9759\u6001\u9884\u7559\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u541e\u5410\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u52a8\u6001 THP \u67b6\u6784\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fd0\u7ef4\u98ce\u9669\uff1a<\/p>\n \n \u5185\u6838\u540e\u53f0\u5f00\u9500<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0e\u9759\u6001\u9884\u7559\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cTHP \u4f9d\u8d56\u5f02\u6b65\u540e\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1\u6765\u7ec4\u88c5\u8fde\u7eed\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\uff1b\u82e5\u5927\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u56de\u9000\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u9875\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n \u6027\u80fd\u5c16\u5cf0<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u6574\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u788e\u7247\u4f1a\u6d88\u8017\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e2d\u9020\u6210\u77ed\u65f6\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5c16\u5cf0\u3002<\/li>\n \u5185\u5b58\u81a8\u80c0<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c0f\u578b\u5185\u5b58\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5360\u7528\u81a8\u80c0\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u901a\u8fc7 advisory \u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u7ea6\u675f\u3002<\/li>\n \u4ea4\u6362\u884c\u4e3a<\/strong>\uff1aTHP \u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u6362\u51fa\uff0c\u4f1a\u88ab\u62c6\u89e3\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u9875\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5e26\u6765\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u6ed1\uff1b\u800c\u9759\u6001\u9884\u7559\u9875\u5219\u59cb\u7ec8\u56fa\u5b9a\u9a7b\u7559\u5728 RAM \u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n \u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8\u53c2\u6570\u4e0e sysctl \u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u9759\u6001\u9884\u7559\uff1a<\/p>\n \n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \u53c2\u6570<\/th>\n \u8bf4\u660e\u4e0e\u7528\u9014<\/th>\n \u5bf9\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n hugepagesz=<\/code><\/td>\n \u8bbe\u7f6e HugeTLB \u9875\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u4e0e\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u5173\uff09\u3002<\/td>\n \u4e0e hugepages=<\/code> \u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u9636\u6bb5\u914d\u7f6e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9759\u6001\u9875\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n hugepages=<\/code><\/td>\n \u5b9a\u4e49\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u9884\u7559\u7684 HugeTLB \u9875\u603b\u6570\u3002<\/td>\n \u4fdd\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u5373\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u9759\u6001\u53ef\u7528\u9875\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5206\u914d\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n hugepage_alloc_threads=<\/code><\/td>\n \u914d\u7f6e\u542f\u52a8\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u5206\u914d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u3002<\/td>\n \u5728\u9884\u7559\u5927\u91cf\u975e gigantic huge pages \u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u52a0\u5feb\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n hugetlb_free_vmemmap=<\/code><\/td>\n \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a on<\/code> \u65f6\u542f\u7528 HugeTLB Vmemmap \u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/td>\n \u56de\u6536\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684 vmemmap \u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n \u9762\u5411\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7f13\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h3>\n \u5b9a\u5236\u7528\u6237\u6001\u5206\u914d\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed5\u8fc7\u5185\u6838\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u4f8b\u7a0b\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6001\u6784\u5efa\u4e13\u7528\u5206\u914d\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5f00\u9500\uff1a<\/p>\n \n \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u67b6\u6784<\/strong>\uff1a\u6620\u5c04\u4e00\u5757\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u6001\u5747\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u516c\u5171\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6d88\u9664\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/li>\n \u57fa\u4e8e\u504f\u79fb\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u504f\u79fb\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u5bfb\u5740\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6807\u51c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/li>\n \u5b9a\u5236\u5206\u914d\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\uff1a\u5141\u8bb8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b9e\u73b0\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u5206\u914d\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5185\u6838\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u4f4e\u6548\u4e4b\u5904\u3002<\/li>\n \u7f29\u77ed\u6267\u884c\u8def\u5f84<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ed5\u8fc7\u9ad8\u6210\u672c\u7684\u6743\u9650\u68c0\u67e5\u4e0e\u5197\u4f59\u62f7\u8d1d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n \u9762\u5411 SIMD \u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u5411\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5bf9\u9f50<\/h3>\n \u73b0\u4ee3\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4f9d\u8d56 AVX-512 \u548c ARM SVE \u7b49 SIMD \u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u901f\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5411\u91cf\u5904\u7406\u5355\u5143\u8981\u6c42\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u5e76\u884c\u5185\u5b58\u4f20\u8f93\u65f6\u907f\u514d\u505c\u987f\uff1a<\/p>\n \n \u8de8\u8fb9\u754c\u60e9\u7f5a<\/strong>\uff1a\u82e5\u8bfb\u53d6\u8de8\u8d8a\u7f13\u5b58\u884c\u8fb9\u754c\u800c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53c8\u672a\u505a\u7279\u6b8a\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/li>\n \u786c\u4ef6\u504f\u597d<\/strong>\uff1aSIMD \u5411\u91cf\u5904\u7406\u5355\u5143\u5929\u7136\u504f\u597d\u5bf9\u9f50\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u5316\u541e\u5410\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5e03\u5c40\u4e0d\u534f\u8c03\u4f1a\u5236\u9020\u5904\u7406\u74f6\u9888\uff1a<\/p>\n \n \u6700\u4f73\u541e\u5410<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u7f13\u5b58\u884c\u8fb9\u754c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5bf9\u9f50\u65f6\uff0c\u5411\u91cf\u5316\u6548\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\u3002<\/li>\n \u60e9\u7f5a\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u8ba1\u7b97\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\uff0c\u672a\u5bf9\u9f50\u77e9\u9635\u4f1a\u4f7f\u6267\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u8d85\u8fc7 53%\u3002<\/li>\n \u5faa\u73af\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u5bf9\u9f50\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u907f\u514d\u5728\u4e3b\u5411\u91cf\u5185\u6838\u6267\u884c\u524d\u751f\u6210\u989d\u5916\u7684 peel loops\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6309 64 \u5b57\u8282\u8fb9\u754c\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u6b63\u597d\u5bf9\u5e94\u73b0\u4ee3\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7f13\u5b58\u884c\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u9f50\u65b9\u5f0f\u65e2\u80fd\u907f\u514d CPU \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f2a\u5171\u4eab\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u5411\u91cf\u6307\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u5468\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n \u5bf9\u9f50\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0864 \u5b57\u8282\u8fb9\u754c\uff09\uff1a\r\n[ Cache Line 0\uff0864 \u5b57\u8282\uff09- \u5b8c\u5168\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u6570\u636e ] ---> 1 \u6b21\u5411\u91cf\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\r\n\r\n\u672a\u5bf9\u9f50\u8bbf\u95ee\uff08\u8de8\u8d8a\u8fb9\u754c\uff09\uff1a\r\n[ Cache Line 0 ] [ Cache Line 1 ] ---> 2 \u6b21\u7f13\u5b58\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6 + \u62c6\u5206\u7ec4\u88c5<\/code><\/pre>\n \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u53d6\u4e24\u9879\u5173\u952e\u5b9e\u8df5\u6765\u4fdd\u6301\u5cf0\u503c\u541e\u5410\uff1a<\/p>\n \n 64 \u5b57\u8282\u5730\u5740\u5bf9\u9f50<\/strong>\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740\u6309 64 \u5b57\u8282\u8fb9\u754c\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6700\u4f73\u5411\u91cf\u4f20\u8f93\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/li>\n \u7ed3\u6784\u6570\u7ec4\u5206\u79bb\uff08SoA\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e03\u5c40\u91cd\u6784\u4e3a SoA \u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5355\u4f4d\u6b65\u957f\u8bbf\u95ee\u5e76\u6d88\u9664 gather \u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n \u5b9e\u8bc1\u6027\u80fd\u91cf\u5316\u4e0e\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n \u5185\u5b58\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u541e\u5410\u6269\u5c55<\/h3>\n \u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u952e\u503c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u663e\u8457\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u9759\u6001 1GB \u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u4e0a\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5757\u65f6\uff0c\u6d88\u9664\u6df1\u5c42\u9875\u8868\u904d\u5386\u80fd\u7a33\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u5e95\u5c42\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e8b\u52a1\u9ad8\u5cf0\u8d1f\u8f7d\u671f\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u541e\u5410\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67b6\u6784\u4e5f\u80fd\u5728\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0b\u907f\u514d\u649e\u4e0a\u786c\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n \u901a\u8fc7\u4f18\u5316\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u964d\u4f4e\u5c3e\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/h3>\n \u9759\u6001 HugePages \u5206\u914d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u538b\u7f29\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u505c\u987f\u3002\u91d1\u878d\u4ea4\u6613\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u8d85\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6267\u884c\u6709\u6781\u9ad8\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u65bd\u9759\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed5\u8fc7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9875\u5206\u914d\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5f97\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u8fde\u7eed\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u53d6\u56de\u6240\u9700\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53ef\u5c06 p99 \u5ef6\u8fdf\u5c16\u5cf0\u4ece\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u538b\u4f4e\u5230\u4e2a\u4f4d\u6570\u5fae\u79d2\u7ea7\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u56e0\u6b64\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u4e0b\u4ecd\u4fdd\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n \u4f7f\u7528 Linux Perf Profiling \u6d4b\u91cf\u786c\u4ef6\u5468\u671f\u4e0b\u964d<\/h3>\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u5e08\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 Linux perf<\/code> \u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u91cf\u5316\u5e95\u5c42\u6027\u80fd\u6536\u76ca\u3002\u786c\u4ef6\u6027\u80fd\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u987a\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u627e\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u505c\u987f\u3002\u5206\u6790\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8f6c\u6362\u540e\u5907\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u76f8\u5173\u6307\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n perf stat -e dTLB-loads,dTLB-load-misses,page-faults .\/database_workload\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n \u7ecf\u8fc7\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f1a\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u5256\u9762\u4e2d\u5e26\u6765\u53ef\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u5468\u671f\u4e0b\u964d\uff1a<\/p>\n \n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n \u5256\u9762\u6307\u6807<\/th>\n \u672a\u4f18\u5316\u57fa\u7ebf<\/th>\n \u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u6620\u5c04<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n dTLB \u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u7387<\/td>\n 12.4%<\/td>\n 0.08%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \u9875\u8868\u76f8\u5173\u5468\u671f<\/td>\n \u7ea6\u5360\u603b CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u7684 18%<\/td>\n \u4f4e\u4e8e\u603b CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u7684 1%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \u5b9e\u6d4b\u64cd\u4f5c\u901f\u7387<\/td>\n 450k ops\/sec<\/td>\n 820k ops\/sec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n \u786c\u4ef6\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cCPU \u5f00\u9500\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u4f18\u5316\u4e86\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u541e\u5410\u5c31\u4f1a\u660e\u663e\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u5904\u7406\u5355\u5143\u80fd\u591f\u628a\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8bb0\u5f55\u9ad8\u6548\u642c\u8fd0\u5230\u5173\u952e\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u906d\u9047\u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n \n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n \u672a\u7ecf\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u62d6\u7d2f\u73b0\u4ee3\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6df1\u5c42\u9875\u8868\u904d\u5386\u5236\u9020\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5c16\u5cf0\u3002\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u901a\u8fc7\u90e8\u7f72\u76f4\u63a5\u6bb5\u6620\u5c04\u4e0e\u663e\u5f0f\u5927\u9875\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u518d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5c06\u5173\u952e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6309\u7269\u7406\u8fb9\u754c\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f18\u5316\u5e95\u5c42\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u80fd\u7ed5\u5f00\u4f20\u7edf\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u5e76\u7ef4\u6301\u5cf0\u503c\u5185\u5b58\u541e\u5410\u3002<\/p>\n \u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u8fd8\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528 Linux perf<\/code> \u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6 PMU \u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u5bf9\u5185\u5b58\u53d7\u9650\u578b\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8fdb\u884c\u5256\u6790\u3002\u6218\u7565\u6027\u5730\u4f18\u5316\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u786c\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u505c\u987f\uff0c\u5e76\u91ca\u653e\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/h2>\n \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u8f6c\u6362\u540e\u5907\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff08TLB\uff09\u672a\u547d\u4e2d\uff1f<\/h3>\n TLB \u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u662f\u6307 CPU \u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u5176\u4e3b\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n \u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6 MMU \u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u591a\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u904d\u5386\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u904d\u5386\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u6267\u884c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n HugePages \u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u5347\u5e94\u7528\u541e\u5410\u91cf\uff1f<\/h3>\n HugePages \u4f1a\u5c06\u9ed8\u8ba4\u57fa\u7840\u9875\u5927\u5c0f\u4ece 4KB \u6269\u5c55\u5230 2MB \u6216 1GB\u3002\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u9875\u5927\u5c0f\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\u9875\u8868\u9879\u603b\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8db3\u8ff9\u7f29\u51cf\u80fd\u591f\u964d\u4f4e TLB \u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u7f13\u5b58\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u5e76\u7a33\u5b9a\u5e94\u7528\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n \u9759\u6001 HugePages \u4e0e\u900f\u660e\u5927\u9875\uff08THP\uff09\u7684\u533a\u522b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h3>\n \n \u9759\u6001 HugePages<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8\u9636\u6bb5\u9884\u7559\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u8fde\u7eed RAM \u5757\u3002<\/li>\n \u900f\u660e\u5927\u9875\uff08THP\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d 2MB \u5185\u5b58\u5757\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n \u9759\u6001\u5206\u914d\u80fd\u591f\u907f\u514d\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u788e\u7247\u5316\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u52a8\u6001 THP \u7684\u540e\u53f0\u5185\u5b58\u538b\u7f29\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u9ad8\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u6296\u52a8\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u5165\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5c16\u5cf0\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u672a\u5bf9\u9f50\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e SIMD \u6307\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff1f<\/h3>\n \u672a\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4f1a\u8de8\u8d8a 64 \u5b57\u8282\u786c\u4ef6\u7f13\u5b58\u884c\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u5411\u91cf\u6267\u884c\u5355\u5143\u5fc5\u987b\u53d1\u8d77\u591a\u6b21\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u62c6\u5206\u7ec4\u88c5\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8f7d\u5165\u4e00\u6b21\u6570\u636e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u5bf9\u9f50\u5219\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5355\u5468\u671f\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u586b\u5145\uff0c\u5e76\u6d88\u9664\u6307\u4ee4\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u505c\u987f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u5728\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u663e\u8457\u7684 CPU \u5f00\u9500\u3002\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u8f6c\u6362\u540e\u5907\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff08TLB\uff09\u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u3001\u591a\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u904d\u5386\u4ee5\u53ca\u8de8\u9875\u8fb9\u754c\u505c\u987f\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3TB \u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4f1a\u4f7f\u9875\u8868\u5360\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u66f4\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u9875\u8868\u8db3\u8ff9\u4f1a\u6c61\u67d3\u786c\u4ef6\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u5e76\u62ac\u9ad8\u5c3e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002 \u4f18\u5316\u5e95\u5c42\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u88ab\u635f\u8017\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u5347\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd\u3002 \u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u8fde\u7eed\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u3001\u9759\u6001 2MB \u6216 1GB \u5927\u9875\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u6bb5\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9762\u5411\u5173\u952e\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5b9a\u5236\u7528\u6237\u6001\u5206\u914d\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u673a\u5236 MMU \u4e0e\u591a\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u7684\u67b6\u6784 \u73b0\u4ee3\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u6765\u9694\u79bb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u786c\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u9875\u8868\u6267\u884c\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3 x86-64 \u786c\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5b8c\u6210\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a \u57fa\u5740\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\uff1aCPU \u4ece\u63a7\u5236\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668 %cr3 \u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u9876\u5c42 PML4 \u8868\u7684\u7269\u7406\u57fa\u5740\u3002 \u7d22\u5f15\u62c6\u5206\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a 48 \u4f4d\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u4f1a\u88ab\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 9 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